General consensus on multimodal functions and validation analysis of perinatal derivatives for regenerative medicine applications

Abstract

Perinatal tissues, such as placenta and umbilical cord contain a variety of somatic stem cell types, spanning from the largely used hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to the most recently described broadly multipotent epithelial and stromal cells. As perinatal derivatives (PnD), several of these cell types and related products provide an interesting regenerative potential for a variety of diseases. Within COST SPRINT Action, we continue our review series, revising and summarizing the modalities of action and proposed medical approaches using PnD products: cells, secretome, extracellular vesicles, and decellularized tissues. Focusing on the brain, bone, skeletal muscle, heart, intestinal, liver, and lung pathologies, we discuss the importance of potency testing in validating PnD therapeutics, and critically evaluate the concept of PnD application in the field of tissue regeneration. Hereby we aim to shed light on the actual therapeutic properties of PnD, with an open eye for future clinical application. This review is part of a quadrinomial series on functional/potency assays for validation of PnD, spanning biological functions, such as immunomodulation, anti-microbial/anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and regeneration.

Biological importance of human amniotic membrane in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

“…Another in vitro study showed that AECs-derived exosomes prevented chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells by transmitting miR-1246 [ 76 ]. In brief, there has been a systematic review of the biological functions of AECs secreted exosomes or extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine [ 77 ].…”

Recommendations from the COST action CA17116 (SPRINT) for the standardization of perinatal derivative preparation and in vitro testing

“…The data of the PnD e-questionnaire show that the respondents had different priorities in this regard. However, our SPRINT COST Action has recently published a quadrinomial series of consensus reviews to improve the quality of in vitro testing linked to i) inflammation, angiogenesis and wound healing ( Flores et al, 2022 ), ii) oncological and antimicrobial applications ( Silini et al, 2022 ), iii) immunomodulatory functions ( Papait et al, 2022 ), and (iiii) PnD applications in brain, bone, skeletal muscle, heart, intestinal, liver, and lung pathologies ( Pozzobon et al, 2022 ). These publications not only provide researchers with guidance on which tests are appropriate, but also discuss advantages and disadvantages of assessing functionality.…”

“…Our SPRINT COST Action has recently published a series of consensus reviews on the relevance and potency of classical and new in vitro assays to demonstrate efficacy and potential MoA of PnD ( Flores et al, 2022 ; Papait et al, 2022 ; Pozzobon et al, 2022 ; Silini et al, 2022 ). Given the strong representation of PnD experts in the SPRINT COST Action, we now seek to address the issue of PnD definition and their characterization and provide a checklist of criteria that should be considered for any future study regarding PnD isolation, characterization and in vitro testing.…”

Emerging Strategies for the Biofabrication of Multilayer Composite Amniotic Membranes for Biomedical Applications

“…To overcome these limitations and to broaden its potential applications in medicine and tissue engineering, several strategies have been proposed to create hybrid biomaterials derived from AMs [11,12]. First, various modifications of AMs have been proposed to create AM extract, powder, weaving yarns, cross-linked AMs, and solubilized AMs [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Importantly, the AM and its derivatives could be combined with secondary natural or synthetic materials and/or additional cells to create novel hybrid scaffolds such as hydrogels, coated AM, and 3D scaffolds, as well as a drug/cell delivery vehicle for the regeneration of various tissues such as muscle, bone, tendon, nerve, gum, cartilage, and heart [7,[20][21][22][23][24][25].…”