General Hemodynamics and Splanchnic Circulation in Patients with Coarctation of the Aorta1

Culbertson, James W.; Eckstein, John W.; Kirkendall, Walter M.; Bedell, George N.

doi:10.1172/jci103550

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…32 Structural Effects of Hypotensive Treatment Smooth and cardiac muscle, like skeletal muscle, will respond to an increased load by an increase in the quantity of muscle. 1 Thus, in essential hypertension, as for perhaps less complex forms of hypertension (e.g., aortic coarctation 33 ), an increased quantity of cardiac muscle and smooth muscle may be expected in the structures exposed to the increased pressure. The cardiac hypertrophy and increased arterial wall to lumen ratio of hypertensive persons are therefore likely to be at least partly due to the increased blood pressure, 8 and hypotensive treatment may therefore be expected to cause regression of these abnormalities.…”

Section: Hypotensive Action Of Hydralazinementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac mass and peripheral vascular structure in hydralazine-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Jespersen¹,

Nyborg²,

Pedersen³

et al. 1985

Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYWe have examined the effect of antihypertensive treatment on heart weight and on structural and functional characteristics of isolated mesenteric resistance vessels (internal diameter 170-220 fun) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and in Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The SHR and WKY were treated with hydralazine from the age of 4 weeks and were examined at ages 12 to 14 weeks and 23 to 27 weeks. Treated SHR had a mean blood pressure as much as 29% below that of control WKY, which in turn was 25 to 40% less than that of control SHR. In 12-to 14-week-old rats the heart to body weight ratio (which in control SHR was 13% greater than that of WKY) was unaffected by treatment. Thereafter, the heart to body weight ratio of treated SHR did not increase as much as usual. At both ages, the media thickness and contractile response of the resistance vessels of the SHR (which were, respectively, 37% and 30% greater than those of vessels of WKY) were unaffected by treatment. However, because treatment caused a small (8%) increase in the lumen diameter of the vessels of the SHR, treatment did cause small, but possibly physiologically important, decreases both in the media to lumen ratio (11 %) and in the pressure against which these vessels would have been able to contract (10%). Treatment had little effect on the pharmacological characteristics of vessels of either SHR or WKY. The results suggest that the increased heart weight, media thickness, and contractile response in mesenteric resistance vessels of SHR up to ages 23 to 27 weeks are due primarily to factors other than increased pressure.

show abstract

Section: Hypotensive Action Of Hydralazinementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac mass and peripheral vascular structure in hydralazine-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Jespersen¹,

Nyborg²,

Pedersen³

et al. 1985

Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is presumed that this elevation of pressure results from failure of the pressure inside the vessels to stretch the pressoreceptors, thereby nullifying the normal inhibitor effect on the vasomotor center by the pressoreceptors. Culbertson et al (250) have observed that the hemodynamic pattern of human hypertension in coarctation of the aorta is quite different from that observed in essential hypertension or renal hyper tension. For instance, evidence for renal ischemia was found in only one of eight such patients, except in those in congestive heart failure, and there was no evidence of generalized vasoconstrictor influence throughout the body.…”

Section: Abnormalities Of the Peripheral Circulationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Peripheral Circulation

Guyton¹

1959

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the two years since Peterson's review of the peripheral circulation in the Annual Review of Physiology (1), such a tremendous volume of litera ture on this subject has appeared that the references reviewed in the present paper have had to be selected with extreme care. Also, because the pharma cological aspects of the peripheral circulation were reviewed in the Annual Review of Physiology by Bovet & Carpi in 1957 (2), only those aspects of the pharmacology of the peripheral circulation that shed light on physiological mechanisms will be covered. This paper presents, first, the general dynamics of the peripheral circulation and then studies relating to certain peripheral circulatory diseases and regional vascular beds. BLOOD VOLUMEMeasurements.-The methods for measuring blood volume have been reviewed by Mertz (3). Especially interesting in the past two years has been the development of far more knowledge concerning the vascular-extravascu lar interchange of fluids and proteins (4 to 12), the lack of which has long been one of the major deterrents to accurate measurements of blood volume. Studies, particularly by Mayerson et al. (4, 5) and Huggins et al. (7 to 11), have shown that transfusion of large excesses of blood or other fluids into the circulation can sometimes so overstretch the capillaries that a "stretched pore phenomenon" (5) occurs, allowing excessive leakage not only of fluid into the extravascular spaces but also of large portions of the plasma pro tein. Becapse of this effect the usual dilution techniques for measuring blood volume become very inaccurate. However, by using radioactive protein, then allowing the plasma proteins to come to equilibrium with the extra vascular proteins, and finally mathematically accounting for the extra vascular portion of the proteins, it is possible to determine plasma volumes with reasonable accuracy even when proteins leak from the circulation very rapidly (4, 6). Regulation of blood volume.-Sjostrand (13), in reviewing the regulation of blood volume, points out that the basic regulatory factor is the capacity of the vascular system itself. The next factor of importance is the shift of fluids through the capillary membrane between the extravascular and vascu lar spaces. Following transfusion into a normal animal, fluid loss into the tissues begins immediately and continues until the blood volume is read justed to a normal value; and, conversely, following hemorrhage the dynam ics of capillary equilibrium cause an immediate onset of fluid transfer into 1 The survey of the literature pertaining to this review was concluded May 1,1958. 239 Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1959.21:239-270. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by University of California -San Francisco UCSF on 02/02/15. For personal use only. Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

show abstract

“…In both patients, moreover, the coarctation was complicated by valvular heart disease. Culbertson et al (1957) while studying the hepatic and renal circulations in this condition, reported a high or normal resting cardiac output in eight patients and an abnormally low cardiac output in two others with left ventricular failure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Circulatory Studies at Rest and During Exercise in Coarctation of the Aorta Before and After Operation

Sh¹,

Donald²

1960

Heart

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

General Hemodynamics and Splanchnic Circulation in Patients with Coarctation of the Aorta1

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Cardiac mass and peripheral vascular structure in hydralazine-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Cardiac mass and peripheral vascular structure in hydralazine-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Peripheral Circulation

Circulatory Studies at Rest and During Exercise in Coarctation of the Aorta Before and After Operation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About