General relativistic quantum optics: Finite-size particle detector models in curved spacetimes

Martín-Martínez, Eduardo; Perche, T. Rick; Torres, Bruno de S. L.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.045017

Cited by 86 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…With our formulation one can compute the transition probabilities according to sums over Feynman diagrams. This formulation is also fully covariant and naturally adapted to curved spacetimes, reinforcing the results of [23] that the pointlike version of the UDW model is fully covariant. We have shown that the probability amplitude associated with UDW detectors can be related to a line defect.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The simplest and most famous model of a particle detector is the UDW model [9,22]. It consists of a two-level quantum system that interacts linearly with a quantum scalar field, and can potentially be used in curved spacetimes [23][24][25][26][27]. Although the smeared version of the UDW detector can be appealing for physical reasons [23,28,29], it has recently been shown that these are only covariant to lowest order in perturbation theory, and therefore cannot be used in fundamental descriptions [28].…”

Section: The Udw Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notice that we have also incorporated the switching function χ(τ ) in the definition ofd(x). Roughly speaking, the UDW model (2.5) can be motivated by replacing the dipole couplingd(x) •Ê(x) by a smeared scalar field Λ(x)φ(x), where Λ(x) is the spacetime smearing function [23,28]. However, it is possible to recast (5.2) in a covariant way that preserves the coupling with a vector field in the pointlike limit.…”

Section: Gauge Particle Detector Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A path integral formulation for particle detectors: the Unruh-DeWitt model as a line defect

Burbano

Perche

Torres

2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Particle detectors are an ubiquitous tool for probing quantum fields in the context of relativistic quantum information (RQI). We formulate the Unruh-DeWitt (UDW) particle detector model in terms of the path integral formalism. The formulation is able to recover the results of the model in general globally hyperbolic spacetimes and for arbitrary detector trajectories. Integrating out the detector’s degrees of freedom yields a line defect that allows one to express the transition probability in terms of Feynman diagrams. Inspired by the light-matter interaction, we propose a gauge invariant detector model whose associated line defect is related to the derivative of a Wilson line. This is another instance where nonlocal operators in gauge theories can be interpreted as physical probes for quantum fields.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: The Udw Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gauge Particle Detector Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A path integral formulation for particle detectors: the Unruh-DeWitt model as a line defect

Burbano

Perche

Torres

2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…8 We also fix the proper times of each detector τ A , τ B such that τ A = τ B = 0 when the Schwarzschild time t = 0, which is possible because the spacetime admits a Cauchy surface given by constant-t slices. We note that due to pointlike nature of the detectors, the derivative coupling particle detector model adopted here is fully covariant [45,46]. For weak coupling, we can perform a Dyson series expansion…”

Section: Jhep08(2020)155mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvesting correlations in Schwarzschild and collapsing shell spacetimes

Tjoa

Mann

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We study the harvesting of correlations by two Unruh-DeWitt static detectors from the vacuum state of a massless scalar field in a background Vaidya spacetime consisting of a collapsing null shell that forms a Schwarzschild black hole (hereafter Vaidya spacetime for brevity), and we compare the results with those associated with the three preferred vacua (Boulware, Unruh, Hartle-Hawking-Israel vacua) of the eternal Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. To do this we make use of the explicit Wightman functions for a massless scalar field available in (1+1)-dimensional models of the collapsing spacetime and Schwarzschild spacetimes, and the detectors couple to the proper time derivative of the field. First we find that, with respect to the harvesting protocol, the Unruh vacuum agrees very well with the Vaidya vacuum near the horizon even for finite-time interactions. Second, all four vacua have different capacities for creating correlations between the detectors, with the Vaidya vacuum interpolating between the Unruh vacuum near the horizon and the Boulware vacuum far from the horizon. Third, we show that the black hole horizon inhibits any correlations, not just entanglement. Finally, we show that the efficiency of the harvesting protocol depend strongly on the signalling ability of the detectors, which is highly non-trivial in presence of curvature. We provide an asymptotic analysis of the Vaidya vacuum to clarify the relationship between the Boulware/Unruh interpolation and the near/far from horizon and early/late-time limits. We demonstrate a straightforward implementation of numerical contour integration to perform all the calculations.

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“…We work in two spacetime dimensions, for the technical reason that this allows us to analyse the response of an Unruh-DeWitt detector operating for a finite time in a time-dependent geometry without having to smear the detector in time or in space. We expect similar phenomena due to the choice of the quantum state and due to the detector's motion to be present also in higher spacetime dimensions, but there these phenomena will be necessarily blurred by choices that will need to be made for smearing the detector's profile in time or in space [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting the massive bosonic zero-mode in expanding cosmological spacetimes

Toussaint

Louko

2021

Phys. Rev. D

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We examine a quantised massive scalar field in (1 + 1)-dimensional spatially compact cosmological spacetimes in which the early time and late time expansion laws provide distinguished definitions of Fock "in" and "out" vacua, with the possible exception of the spatially constant sector, which may become effectively massless at early or late times. We show, generalising the work of Ford and Pathinayake, that when such a massive zero mode occurs, the freedom in the respective "in" and "out" states is a family with two real parameters. As an application, we consider massive untwisted and twisted scalar fields in the (1 + 1)dimensional spatially compact Milne spacetime, where the untwisted field has a massive "in" zero mode. We demonstrate, by a combination of analytic and numerical methods, that the choice of the massive "in" zero mode state has a significant effect on the response of an inertial Unruh-DeWitt detector, especially in the excitation part of the spectrum. The detector's peculiar velocity with respect to comoving cosmological observers has the strongest effect in the "in" vacuum of the untwisted field, where it shifts the excitation and de-excitation resonances towards higher values of the detector's energy gap.

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General relativistic quantum optics: Finite-size particle detector models in curved spacetimes

Cited by 86 publications

References 53 publications

A path integral formulation for particle detectors: the Unruh-DeWitt model as a line defect

A path integral formulation for particle detectors: the Unruh-DeWitt model as a line defect

Harvesting correlations in Schwarzschild and collapsing shell spacetimes

Detecting the massive bosonic zero-mode in expanding cosmological spacetimes

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