General report: morphological and geotechnical parameters of landslides in relation to geology and hydrogeology

Hutchinson, Jean

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(89)90310-0

Cited by 274 publications

(360 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

298

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In large parts of the Alps and other mountainous regions, rockfall is a major threat to settlements and transportation routes (Varnes, 1978;Hutchinson, 1988;Flageollet and Weber, 1996;Hungr et al, 1999;Erismann and Abele, 2001;Budetta, 2004). As a consequence, measures have to be taken for public protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal rockfall activity in a forest stand in the Swiss Prealps—A dendrogeomorphological case study

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rockfall is a major threat to settlements and transportation routes in large parts of the Alps. While protective forest stands in many locations undoubtedly reduce rockfall risk, little is known about the exact frequency and spatial distribution of rockfall activity in a given place or about how these parameters can be assessed. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to reconstruct rockfall events with dendrogeomorphological methods and to analyse the spatial and temporal rockfall activity in a subalpine forest stand. The study site is located in the transit zone of frequently passing, rather small rockfall fragments (mean diameter of 10 to 20 cm). In all, 33 stem discs from previously felled Picea abies trees found at the foot of Schwarzenberg in Diemtigtal (Swiss Prealps) were sampled, and a total number of 301 rockfall events were dated to between A.D. 1724 and 2002.Results showed that the spatial distribution of rockfall changed slightly with time, and that rockfall activity increased considerably over the last century. In contrast, rockfall magnitude presumably remained on a comparable level. The seasonal occurrence of rockfall showed a clear peak during the dormant season of trees, most probably in early spring. Furthermore, on a 10-year moving average basis, rockfall rates were positively correlated with mean annual as well as summer and winter temperatures. This means that higher temperatures resulted in increased rockfall activity. On the other hand, no correlation with annual or seasonal precipitation totals was revealed. Overall, this study provides an appropriate method for the detailed assessment of spatial and temporal variations in rockfall activity in a given place.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal rockfall activity in a forest stand in the Swiss Prealps—A dendrogeomorphological case study

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the case of Horseshoe Bay, the basal silt and clay formation promotes failure in the overlying porous material. Examples of other types of failures that can occur in this type of geological setting are often classified in the literature as slope instabilities induced by seepage erosion (Hutchinson 1968(Hutchinson , 1988Dunne 1990;Crosta and di Prisco 1999). The findings presented here illustrate the important role that alternating layers of high and low permeability can have on controlling the extent and mechanism of failure.…”

Section: Geological Controlsmentioning

confidence: 69%

A slope failure caused by drainage cutoff through the advancement of seasonal frost, Hudson Bay Lowland

Zeyl

Penner

Halim³

2013

Landslides

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A slope failure caused by drainage cutoff through the advancement of seasonal frost, Hudson Bay Lowland Abstract A failure occurred between December 14 and 17, 2008 in the upper part of a 45-m high, northwest facing bank of the Nelson River in northern Manitoba (56.687°N, 93.777°W). The slope failure occurred at a spring site in a bay associated with a buried valley. The sediment input to the river from this event is roughly 20,000 to 25,000 m 3 . The source zone is made up of 25 m of water-bearing sand and gravel confined between ice-rich silty clay at the top of the bank and laminated to rhythmically bedded silt and clay at the base of the section. The collapse was confined to the material above the basal silts and clays and was associated with a perched groundwater flow system. A strong argument for drainage cutoff by the advancement of seasonal frost has been demonstrated through the correlation of the bank collapse with the timing of a significant cold snap recorded at two nearby weather stations. The failure illustrates the importance of stratigraphy in controlling bank erosion in this area. Previously, fluvial erosion was seen as an important control on mass wasting in Horseshoe Bay. However, surface information suggests that no toe erosion except to remove the slide deposit has occurred at this site since 2004.

show abstract

“…Mechanical and chemical reasons explaining the deterioration of shear strength of claystones have been reported by several authors (Terzaghi 1936, Bjerrum 1967, Wilson 1970, Skempton 1970, Morgenstern 1977, Hutchinson 1988. Creeping, suction cycles (highlighted below) and freezing-thawing cycles (of limited intensity in the Iberian Peninsula) also contribute to claystone degradation (Chandler 1972, Tavenas and Leroueil 1981, Graham and Au 1985.…”

Section: Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slope stability in slightly fissured claystones and marls

Alonso

Pinyol

2014

Landslides

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The paper deals with the behaviour of some characteristic soft rocks found in the Iberian Peninsula. In geological terms they belong to Tertiary basins, the Keuper period and the Jurassic-Cretacic transition. The discussion is organized around the following aspects: (a) the intact material and its brittle behaviour; (b) the weathering action of atmospheric events; (c) the persistent discontinuities and scale effects; and (d) the modification of strength after failure. In all cases instability phenomena are addressed in connection with several case histories.Regarding material brittleness and the initial stress state, two cases of first time failures are discussed. Practical implications concerning the selection of operative strength will be given Field observations of the relevance of weathering and, also, on the rate of weathering, are given for a Weald claystone. Field observations emphasize the importance of sharp transitions between weathered and intact (or slightly weathered) levels A recent long term laboratory investigation on the nature of degradation will be summarized. Macroscopic variables such as stiffness and tensile strength have been found to be uniquely predicted by a degradation law in terms of the accumulated plastic deformations.Persistent discontinuities and, in particular, sedimentation planes, play a dominant role to explain slope failures not related to the shallow failures, usually associated with weathered profiles. The strength of discontinuities in a Weald formation was investigated by means of tests performed at two scales.Finally, the evolution in time of residual strength induced by chemical actions, associated with groundwater flow, is highlighted in connection with actual field data of unstable slopes.

show abstract

General report: morphological and geotechnical parameters of landslides in relation to geology and hydrogeology

Cited by 274 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial and temporal rockfall activity in a forest stand in the Swiss Prealps—A dendrogeomorphological case study

Spatial and temporal rockfall activity in a forest stand in the Swiss Prealps—A dendrogeomorphological case study

A slope failure caused by drainage cutoff through the advancement of seasonal frost, Hudson Bay Lowland

Slope stability in slightly fissured claystones and marls

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About