General self-efficacy in the Norwegian population: Differences and similarities between sociodemographic groups

Bonsaksen, Tore; Lerdal, Anners; Heir, Trond; Ekeberg, Øivind; Skogstad, Laila; Grimholt, Tine K.; Schou-Bredal, Inger

doi:10.1177/1403494818756701

Cited by 55 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Long-term follow-up in women with no LPP Ten of the nineteen women with PPSS had no complaints at follow-up. The results of these women concerning health-related quality of life, function, general self-e cacy and pain catastrophizing were comparable to those reported in the general population [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Postpartum Septic Symphysitis, a Rare Condition With Possible Long-Term Consequences: A Cohort Study With Long-Term Follow-Up

Elden

Olsén

Hussein

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundPostpartum septic symphysitis (PPSS) is defined as acute onset of severe pain around the symphysis, restricted movement, fever and elevated inflammatory parameters. It is a rare but serious condition requiring urgent diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and long-term follow-up of PPSS.MethodsThis was a follow-up study including 19 women diagnosed with PPSS from 1989 to 2017 at one tertiary care hospital in Sweden. Clinical data were retrieved from hospital records and compared to those retrieved from a regional registry. Women completed a postal questionnaire, and those who reported lumbo-pelvic pain (LPP) were offered a clinical examination.Results1) PPSS was diagnosed after a normal postpartum period of 24 to 50 hours by blood tests (n=19); MRI, (n=13/19); ultrasonography (n=8 /19) or CT (n=3/19). Treatment included aspiration of symphyseal abscesses, i.v. antibiotics and physiotherapy. Women with PPSS more frequently were primiparous (n=14/19, p=0.001), had an instrumental delivery (n=14/19, p=0.003), had a longer time of active labour (p=0.01) and second stage of labour (p=0.001) than women in the regional registry. 2) Ten out of nineteen (52%) women reported LPP at follow-up. These women more often suffered impaired function related to LPP (Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire, 27 versus 0, p<0.0001), a poorer health-related quality of life (EuroQol-5 dimensions p=0.001 and EuroQol-visual analogue scale, 65 mm versus 84 mm, p=0.022) and higher levels of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS)-A, 7 versus 2, p=0.010; and HADS-D, 1 versus 0, p=0.028) than women with no pain. 3). Of the eight women who received a clinical assessment, one had lumbar pain and seven had PGP.ConclusionsIn the largest cohort of patients with PPSS to date, primiparas and women with instrumental vaginal delivery were overrepresented, indicating that first and complicated deliveries might be risk factors. Approximately half of the women reported PGP, with considerable consequences affecting health-related quality of life and function decades after delivery. Prospective multicentre studies are needed to establish risk factors for, long-term consequences of and adequate treatment for this rare pregnancy complication.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Postpartum Septic Symphysitis, a Rare Condition With Possible Long-Term Consequences: A Cohort Study With Long-Term Follow-Up

Elden

Olsén

Hussein

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The GSE score is calculated as the sum of all item scores, the sum score ranging between 10 and 40, with higher scores indicating higher general self-efficacy. Factor analysis of the GSE has consistently produced a one-factor solution, which was confirmed in a previous study with the Norwegian general population [32].…”

Section: Personal Resources and Personality Variablessupporting

confidence: 78%

Daily use of alcohol among persons in the Norwegian general population: Prevalence and associated factors

Bonsaksen

Heir

Skogstad

et al. 2019

Preprint

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BackgroundHarmful use of alcohol is a major public health problem. While harm is often researched in the context of heavy drinking episodes, high-frequency drinking, even when drinking moderate quantities, constitutes a health risk in a longer perspective. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of daily use of alcohol in the Norwegian general population, and to assess sociodemographic, mental health-related and personal resource variables associated with daily use of alcohol. MethodsA cross-sectional survey concerned with health, illness and serious life events was distributed to 5,500 persons in the general population in Norway (response rate 36%). Sociodemographic variables, personal resource variables (general self-efficacy, optimism, and extraversion) and psychological distress (current anxiety and/or depression) were assessed with regards to their associations with daily drinking in unadjusted and adjusted regression models. ResultsDaily use of alcohol was reported by 39 persons (2.2%) in the sample (3.1% of men and 1.4% of women). While general self-efficacy, optimism and extraversion were unrelated to daily drinking, the adjusted model revealed that male gender (OR: 2.18, p < 0.05), being unemployed/not in education (OR: 3.10, p < 0.05) and reporting current anxiety and/or depression (OR: 3.12, p < 0.01) were associated with daily use of alcohol. ConclusionsA proportion of 2.2% reported to drink alcohol on a daily basis, and compared to their counterparts, the odds of daily drinking were higher for men, unemployed persons and persons reporting current psychological distress. Public health initiatives aiming at reducing harmful use of alcohol may pay particular attention to these subsets of the population.

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“…Self-efficacy was measured using the Norwegian version of the Generalized Self‐Efficacy Scale (GSE) that measures optimistic self-beliefs in coping with the demands, tasks, and challenges of life in general [ 46 , 47 ]. The GSE consists of 10 statements that the respondent rates on a scale from 1 (completely wrong) to 4 (completely right).…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14–15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Mikkelsen

Haraldstad

Helseth

et al. 2020

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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Background To enhance and better understand health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents, it is important to study factors associated with HRQOL. The present study aimed to assess possible associations between sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness, stress and HRQOL in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents (14–15 years) in a school-based setting. Sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress were analyzed. The variables were all assessed with well-validated instruments. HRQOL was analyzed using KIDSCREEN 27. Analyses included Chi-square, independent t-tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, linear regression analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. The results from linear regression models were expressed as standardized beta. Results The adolescents generally reported high levels of HRQOL. However, girls scored significantly worse on HRQOL, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress compared to boys. Using hierarchical regression analyses we found that Self-efficacy (beta = 0.11–0.24), Self-esteem: (beta = 0.12–0.21), Loneliness: (beta = − 0.24 to − 0.45) and Stress: (beta = − 0.26 to − 0.34) revealed the strongest associations with the HRQOL dimensions. Sociodemographic-, pain- and sleep related covariates were all significantly associated with some of the KIDSCREEN subscales, however their effect on the outcome was smaller than for the psychosocial variables listed above. Being a girl, not living with both parents, not having both parents working, being absent from school more than 4 days, having pain and having lack of enough sleep were all independently negatively associated with HRQOL. Conclusions HRQOL is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness and stress in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. Our findings indicate that positive psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy and self-esteem might play a buffer role for negative psychosocial factors (e.g. stress) in adolescents. Further, our results show that girls score significantly worse on factors that are associated to HRQOL compared to boys. To improve HRQOL in school-based populations of adolescents, we suggest that future interventions should aim to strengthen self-efficacy and self-esteem. We recommend gender specific interventions.

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General self-efficacy in the Norwegian population: Differences and similarities between sociodemographic groups

Abstract: Male gender and being employed were related to higher GSE among persons in the general population in Norway, and these associations were stronger among persons of younger age. The findings are considered fairly representative for the Norwegian population.

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Postpartum Septic Symphysitis, a Rare Condition With Possible Long-Term Consequences: A Cohort Study With Long-Term Follow-Up

Postpartum Septic Symphysitis, a Rare Condition With Possible Long-Term Consequences: A Cohort Study With Long-Term Follow-Up

Daily use of alcohol among persons in the Norwegian general population: Prevalence and associated factors

Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14–15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study

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