General View on Fractional-Order All-Pass Filters Using Generalized Current Conveyors

Abstract

The paper presents a general structure for realizing current-mode (CM) fractional-order all-pass filters (FOAPFs) using generalized first-kind five-port current conveyors (GCC5s). The proposed circuit topology employs two GCC5s and minimum number of passive components, i.e.. one resistor and one fractional-order capacitor, both in grounded form. A total of eight CM FOAPFs using second-generation current conveyor are derived, which are capable of providing simultaneously both inverting and non-inverting current-outputs from high impedance terminals. A theoretical study of a variant created using universal current conveyor is provided, which verify the concept of the proposed circuit topology.

MO-CCCII-Based Single-Input Multi-Output (SIMO) Current-Mode Fractional-Order Universal and Shelving Filter

“…The best way to address this is through equalization filters. Owing to the advantages provided by fractional-order calculus to analog filters, the design of shelving filters has also begun to incorporate fractional-order characteristics [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The most significant advantage that fractional-order calculus provides to equalization filters is the extra degree of freedom (α), allowing for a better listening experience in the ELLC standard by effectively utilizing the sound frequency [25].…”

“…The transfer function of the positive-gain fractional-order HP filter, obtained according to Equation (6) in Section 2.2, is given in Equation (23). The gain (K) and cut-off frequency (ω 0 ) of the filter are provided in Equation (24). The designed filter circuit outputs are categorized into two main sections.…”

“…However, all of these filter structures are constructed with passive elements and are VM filters. Another study conducted by Herencsar (2020) [24] involved designing one-fractional order AP filters employing generalized first-kind fiveport current conveyors. Although the designed filters are CM filters, it was observed that they provide only an AP filter responses.…”