General vulnerability to stuttering: The experience of stuttering and conditions bringing about invulnerability

Briley, Patrick M.; Kalinowski, Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2016.05.016

Medical Hypotheses

2016

DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.05.016

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General vulnerability to stuttering: The experience of stuttering and conditions bringing about invulnerability

Patrick M. Briley

Joseph Kalinowski

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Cited by 4 publications

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“…6 When a PWS anticipates stuttering, they are aware of its presence before speech is executed, and as a result, they may (1) exhibit observable signs of stuttering; (2) motorically change how speech is delivered (either consciously or subconsciously); (3) avoid words, people, places, and/or situations; or (4) exhibit speech that is perceivably fluent to the listener, as stuttering is oftentimes experienced by the speaker even when not perceived by the listener. 1,[5][6][7] Therefore, in response to the internal loss of control (or anticipation of stuttering), the PWS either consciously or subconsciously makes a choice to either approach or avoid the situation. The choice of the PWS to either approach or avoid speaking situations 6 is a determinant to either impaired or improved well-being, which can include career satisfaction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Speech Therapy and Earnings: Economic Benefits for Individuals Who Stutter

Briley

Jacobs

2022

Semin Speech Lang

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Stuttering is a complex communication disorder with effects that extend beyond difficulty with communication. Negative thoughts and feelings by the person who stutters (PWS), about the disorder or themselves, may potentially lead to detrimental avoidance behaviors which may ultimately alter life choices and participation in life events. One such area is the labor market. Studies have revealed an association between stuttering and reduced earnings. What is not understood is whether provision of speech therapy for PWS can help mitigate the negative labor market impacts of this condition. This article discusses the disorder of stuttering and how approach versus avoidance responses can contribute to wage differentials among PWS, while also providing evidence of such differences using a nationally representative dataset. Additionally, this article outlines the potential benefits received from speech-language pathology services which may correlate with improved labor market outcomes.

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confidence: 99%

Speech Therapy and Earnings: Economic Benefits for Individuals Who Stutter

Briley

Jacobs

2022

Semin Speech Lang

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Associations between social anxiety, physiological reactivity, and speech disfluencies in autistic young adults and controls

Pirinen,

Eggers,

Dindar

et al. 2024

Journal of Communication Disorders

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“I Just Want People to Think I'm Normal”: An Interview Study of Young Swedish Women With Covert Stuttering

Samson,

Nyberg,

Lindström

et al. 2023

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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Purpose: Research indicates that there is a tendency for females who stutter, more often than males, to use coping strategies that involve covering their stutter, for example, by avoiding situations that require verbal participation. The aim of the study is to increase knowledge about how covert stuttering develops and its impact on self-image and quality of life for women who stutter. Method: Eleven young women who stutter covertly were interviewed, and data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Background information was obtained from the self-report instruments measuring the impact of stuttering on different aspects of life (Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experiences of Stuttering) and degree of perceived social anxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Self-Report). Results: Three main themes were identified: (a) managing stuttering, (b) personal aspects, and (c) stuttering as a phenomenon. Shame and a desire to fit in emerged as distinct motives for covering stuttering. The women described that stuttering controlled both life choices and everyday life. Development of self-image had been strongly negatively affected, resulting in social anxiety. The women expressed a particular vulnerability of being a woman who stutters, due to societal norms of female behavior and a lack of female role models who stutter. Conclusions: The choice of coping strategy was motivated by a desire to “be normal.” As a result, stuttering had come to dominate life and affect self-image and life choices. The study highlights the importance for clinicians to be alert to and aware of the fact that the experiences of women who stutter can lead them to develop coping strategies that have far-reaching negative consequences.

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General vulnerability to stuttering: The experience of stuttering and conditions bringing about invulnerability

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Speech Therapy and Earnings: Economic Benefits for Individuals Who Stutter

Speech Therapy and Earnings: Economic Benefits for Individuals Who Stutter

Associations between social anxiety, physiological reactivity, and speech disfluencies in autistic young adults and controls

“I Just Want People to Think I'm Normal”: An Interview Study of Young Swedish Women With Covert Stuttering

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