Conditions are established for the existence of a scattering length and an
effective range in the low-energy expansion of the S-wave phase-shift of a
central potential in two and three dimensions. The behavior of the phase-shift
as a function of the momentum is also derived for longer-range power-law
potentials which do not fulfill these conditions.Comment: 19 pages, pdflatex, 3 figures, refs. added, typos corrected, to
appear in JM