Generalized Anxiety disorder but not depression is associated with insomnia: a population based study

Khan, Imran Wasfi; Juyal, Ruchi; Shikha, Deep; Gupta, Ravi

doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20180031

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[ 19 ] However, proportion to clinical insomnia was lower during the present study compared to the Greek population and remained at the level of pre-COVID-19 period. [ 20 ] Voitsidis et al . [ 19 ] showed that insomnia in the Greek population was a function of loneliness, uncertainty, depression, and COVID-19-related worries with a major contribution from two factors-depression and uncertainty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown

Krishnan

Gupta

Grover

et al. 2020

Indian J Psychiatry

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285

125

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Introduction: To mitigate the spread of the pandemic coronavirus infection (COVID-19), governments across the world have adopted “lockdowns” which have confined many individuals to their homes. This disrupts normal life routines, elements of which are important circadian cues. The pandemic is also associated with new stressors, altered roles, and uncertainties about health and economic security, which are also likely to affect sleep. The current study is an online survey of sleep experience, routines, physical activity, and symptoms of anxiety and depression, to study the alterations associated with the lockdown. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted in early May 2020 using a questionnaire circulated through social media platforms. Questions related to demographic characteristics, current and previous sleep schedules, routine, and working patterns. Insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index - 4), Stress (Perceived Stress Scale - 4), anxiety and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire - 4) and physical activity (International Physical Activities Questionnaire) were assessed using standardized instruments. Results: A total of 958 valid responses were received. Compared to the prelockdown period, there was a shift to a later bedtime and waking time, with a reduction in night-time sleep and an increase in day-time napping. These effects were visible across occupational groups, but mostly affected working individuals except health professionals. Sleep quality deteriorated across groups. Reductions in sleep duration were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown is associated with changes in sleep schedule and in the quantity and quality of night-time sleep. Although these changes are associated with elevated rates of emotional symptoms, it is unclear from these cross-sectional results, whether sleep deterioration produces psychological distress, or vice versa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown

Krishnan

Gupta

Grover

et al. 2020

Indian J Psychiatry

Self Cite

285

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For instance, a meta-analysis found that insomnia is a major risk factor of depression (OR = 2.83, 95%CI = 1.55–5.17) and anxiety (OR = 3.23, 95%CI = 1.52–6.85) 56 . On the other hand, depression and anxiety can also contribute to the development of insomnia 57 , 58 . Comorbid insomnia and psychiatric disorders may share common pathophysiology, such as similar alterations of arousal states 59 and levels of inflammatory markers 60 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their associations with quality of life among clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2021

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders is unclear. This study examined the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and their associations with quality of life (QOL) in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, insomnia, pain, and QOL were assessed with standardized instruments. A total of 1063 patients were included. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and combined depressive and anxiety symptoms were 62.3% (95%CI = 59.4–65.2%), 52.4% (95%CI = 49.3–55.4%), and 45.9% (95%CI = 42.9–48.9%), respectively. Patients with depressive and anxiety symptoms had significantly lower QOL than those without (P < 0.01). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that having depressive symptoms was positively associated with more severe insomnia (OR = 1.29, P < 0.01) and pain (OR = 1.14, P < 0.01), and was negatively associated with other psychiatric diagnoses (except for major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and organic mental disorder; OR = 0.50, P < 0.01), while having anxiety symptoms was positively associated with severe physical diseases (OR = 1.57, P = 0.02), poor adherence to treatment (OR = 1.50, P < 0.01), and more severe insomnia (OR = 1.15, P < 0.01) and pain (OR = 1.11, P < 0.01). Having combined depression and anxiety symptoms was positively associated with poor adherence to treatment (OR = 1.42, P = 0.02) and more severe insomnia (OR = 1.19, P < 0.01) and pain (OR = 1.15, P < 0.01), and was negatively associated with the diagnosis of schizophrenia (OR = 0.50, P = 0.04) and others (OR = 0.53, P < 0.01). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were common in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the negative impact of these symptoms on QOL, regular screening and appropriate treatment are recommended for this population.

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“…Another study in youth found that anxiety preceded insomnia 73% of the time after adjustments for gender, race, and ethnicity (Johnson et al, 2006). Similarly, an epidemiological study in India revealed that anxiety was independently associated with insomnia after adjustments for other variables (Khan et al, 2018). Regarding ADHD, a study in the Netherlands showed that 43% of patients with ADHD reported significant insomnia (odds ratio = 2.66) and 41% reported short sleep duration (Wynchank et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychosocial Determinants of Insomnia in Adolescents: Roles of Mental Health, Behavioral Health, and Social Environment

Hsieh

Yen

2019

Front. Neurosci.

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The theoretical explanation of human problems is derived from the complex interplay of psychological, social, economic, political, and physical factors. Aims This study examined the roles of behavioral health (i.e., alcohol abuse and suicidality) and social environment (i.e., family support, school connectedness, and favorable neighborhood) and mental health [i.e., depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)] in predicting insomnia in adolescents in an ecological perspective. Methods Approximately 6445 high school students in Taiwan were administered an anonymous self-report survey. Hierarchical multiple regression was performed to examine how multidimensional social environment, behavioral health, and mental health factors were associated with insomnia in adolescents. Results The prevalence rate of insomnia in the sample was 30%. The results indicated that alcohol abuse (β = 0.04), suicidality (β = 0.06), depression (β = 0.29), anxiety (β = 0.14), and ADHD (β = 0.11) were positively associated with insomnia ( p < 0.001), whereas family support (β = −0.06), school connectedness (β = −0.05), and favorable neighborhood ( β = −0.10) were negatively associated with insomnia ( p < 0.001). Sex did not predict insomnia, but age was positively associated with insomnia (β = 0.09, p < 0.001). Among all predictors of insomnia in the study, mental health factors, especially depression, play a major role on insomnia among adolescents, and is as much important as social environment factors. Conclusion This study demonstrated how both psychosocial variables (social environment and behavioral health) and psychological symptoms were associated with insomnia in adolescents when the demographic variables (sex and age) were controlled and provided valuable information and evidence for clinicians, social workers, and health professionals who provide support to adolescents with insomnia. Applying an ecological approach in practice can aid in understanding at individual, family, school, and community levels and in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of their interactions with each other. Implications This perspective enables practitioners in effectively treating problems and addressing the needs of the various levels, including the individual, family, school, and the broader community. Thus, prevention and intervention of insomnia in adolescents should focus on multidimensional risk and protective factors, including mental health, behavioral health, and social environment, in the context of an ecological system.

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Generalized Anxiety disorder but not depression is associated with insomnia: a population based study

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown

Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown

The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their associations with quality of life among clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

Psychosocial Determinants of Insomnia in Adolescents: Roles of Mental Health, Behavioral Health, and Social Environment

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