Generalized Demodecosis in Three Sibling, Juvenile Rock Hyraxes (Procavia capensis)

Takle, Ginger L.; Suedmeyer, Wm. Kirk; Mertins, James W.; Garner, Michael M.

doi:10.1638/2009-0108.1

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is the first case published, according to the authors’ knowledge, describing demodicosis in a fox of any species. Other non‐domesticated species with reported demodicosis infestation include rock hyraxes, Red‐handed tamarins, European otter, ferret and grey wolves 10 21 30–32. Speciation was achieved for Demodex lutrae , found in the European otter ( Lutra lutra ), and Demodex canis found in the ferret confirmed with RT‐PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Use of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) to successfully manage adult‐onset generalised demodicosis in a silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Burke

Kottwitz

Wang

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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A six-year-old spayed female silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) presented with bilateral ocular discharge, lethargy, facial alopecia and dermatitis of six months’ duration. The fox was immobilised with ketamine (4 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (0.01 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.05 mg/kg) intramuscularly for skin cytology, skin scrapings, dermatophyte culture, bloodwork, faecal floatation and skin biopsies. Diagnostics revealed numerous Demodex species mites. Histopathology showed folliculitis, perifolliculitis and furunculosis with mites, identified as Demodex canis using RT-PCR. The fox received meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg by mouth, three days), cefovecin (8.6 mg/kg subcutaneously, single injection), praziquantel (56.8 mg, subcutaneously, single injection), and fluralaner (250 mg, by mouth, once every 12 weeks, Bravecto). Complete resolution was noted one month after initiating treatment. Thirteen months later the fox remains mite-free and is receiving fluralaner by mouth every 12 weeks. This case report describes successful management of adult-onset generalised Demodex species dermatitis in a silver fox using oral fluralaner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Use of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) to successfully manage adult‐onset generalised demodicosis in a silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Burke

Kottwitz

Wang

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…Given the likely contribution of immune-suppression to disease severity, treatment options must be explored. Ivermectin, doramectin and amitraz have shown efficacy for demodicosis treatment in wildlife, including a captive koala (Phascolarctos cinereu) and captive harbour seals 20,[43][44][45] . However, amitraz must be applied in a contained environment due to its toxicity to other marine life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demodectic mange in threatened southern sea otters (Enhydralutrisnereis)

Javeed

Foley

Oliver-Guimerá

et al. 2021

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) rely on intact pelage for thermoregulation, and thus clinically significant demodicosis and associated alopecia can cause morbidity and death.Hypothesis/Objectives -This study aimed to describe lesions associated with follicular Demodex sp. infestation, estimate the prevalence and intensity of infestation, describe mite distribution across key anatomical regions, and assess mite presence or absence in relation to lesions and host risk factors.Animals -Twenty necropsied, wild southern sea otters that stranded along the central California coast from 2005 to 2018.Methods and materials -Grossly normal and abnormal integument from the head, perineum, genitals, mamillary papillae and limbs was assessed microscopically for mites and mite-associated pathological findings.Results -Intrafollicular mites were observed in the integument of 55% of otters and 20% had clinical demodicosis. Demodicosis was considered to be contributory to death or euthanasia in two cases. Although Demodex sp. mites often were observed microscopically in grossly normal skin, the presence of multiple densely-packed intrafollicular mites generally was associated with pigmentary incontinence, ectatic follicles, lymphoplasmacytic perifolliculitis, and neutrophilic and lymphoplasmacytic, dermal inflammation. Other findings included epidermal hyperplasia, orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis of epidermis and follicular epithelium, concurrent pyoderma and cell necrosis. Perioral integument, especially of the chin, had the highest prevalence of mites and the highest mite density, suggesting facial contact as a means of mite transmission.Conclusions and clinical importance -Our research confirmed demodectic mange as a contributor to morbidity and mortality in sea otters, with important implications for clinical care, rehabilitation and conservation.

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“…18 Three juvenile siblings presented with hemorrhagic areas with scabbing, purulent material in the hair and nonpruritic, nonalopecic mildly encrusted skin nodules, particularly affecting the dorsum, head, and rear legs. It is easily missed but should be strongly considered as a cause when gastric ulceration is present.…”

Section: Parasitic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyrocoidea (Hyraxes)

Napier¹

2015

Fowler's Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, Volume 8

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Generalized Demodecosis in Three Sibling, Juvenile Rock Hyraxes (Procavia capensis)

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Use of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) to successfully manage adult‐onset generalised demodicosis in a silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Use of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) to successfully manage adult‐onset generalised demodicosis in a silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Demodectic mange in threatened southern sea otters (Enhydralutrisnereis)

Hyrocoidea (Hyraxes)

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