This paper presents a review of the development of long-period waveguide gratings (LPWGs) with focus on the realization of various kinds of tunable devices, such as band-rejection filters, variable attenuators, band-pass filters, and add/drop multiplexers. A number of specific examples are given to demonstrate how the geometry and material flexibility of the optical waveguide technology facilitates the design of widely tunable LPWG-based devices. LPWG is evolving into a versatile waveguide structure for the implementation of a wide range of optical functions.