Generalized food-deceptive pollination in four Cattleya (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) species from Southern Brazil

Caballero-Villalobos, Lina; Silva‐Arias, Gustavo A.; Buzatto, Cristiano Roberto; Nervo, Michelle Helena; Singer, Rodrigo B.

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2017.07.014

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The great majority of the bee-pollinated Cattleya spp. studied so far are food deceptive ( Smidt et al, 2006 ; Silva-Pereira et al, 2007 ; Caballero-Villalobos et al, 2017 ). If this is also the case of C. walkeriana , the intrafloral color variation pattern found here could be even more advantageous in this rewardlessness scenario.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flowers present a color pattern with pinkish to dark pink sepals and petals, and a dark pink labellum with a yellow area on its base ( Figure 1 ). Some species of the same genus have been repeatedly reported to be self-compatible, pollinator-dependent and nectarless, deceiving bees and hummingbirds during the pollination process ( Smidt et al, 2006 ; Caballero-Villalobos et al, 2017 ). Despite some records of C. walkeriana flowers visited by bees ( Figure 1B ), detailed information about the reproduction of this species is still unknown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrafloral Color Modularity in a Bee-Pollinated Orchid

et al. 2020

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Flower color has been studied in different ecological levels of organization, from individuals to communities. However, it is unclear how color is structured at the intrafloral level. In bee-pollinated flowers, the unidirectional gradient in color purity and pollen mimicry are two common processes to explain intrafloral color patterns. Considering that floral traits are often integrated, usually reflecting evolutionary modules under pollinator-mediated selection, we hypothesize that such intrafloral color patterns are structured by intrafloral color modules as perceived by bee color vision system. Here, we studied the tropical bee-pollinated orchid Cattleya walkeriana , given its intrafloral color complexity and variation among individuals. Considering bee color vision, we investigated if intrafloral color modules arose among intrafloral patches (tip or base of the sepals, petals, and labellum). We expected a separate color module between the labellum patches (the main attractive structure in orchids) and petals and sepals. We measured the color reflectance and calculated the photoreceptor excitation, spectral purity, hue, and the chromatic contrast of the floral structures in the hexagon color model. Spectral purity (saturation) was higher in the labellum tip in comparison to petals and sepals, generating a unidirectional gradient. Labellum base presented a less saturated yellow UV-absorbing color, which may reflect a pollen mimicry strategy. C. walkeriana presented three intrafloral color modules corresponding to the color of petals and sepals, the color of the labellum tip, and the color of labellum base. These color modules were unrelated to the development of floral structures. Given the importance of intrafloral color patterns in bee attraction and guidance, our results suggest that intrafloral patterns could be the outcome of evolutionary color modularization under pollinator-mediated selection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrafloral Color Modularity in a Bee-Pollinated Orchid

et al. 2020

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“…According to the constituents of the secretion, the glandular trichomes receive a functional denomination like the nectaries (production of nectar) and the colleters (mucilage and/or lipid-like substances secretion) (Fróes et al, 2015; Tian et al, 2017). In the Orchidaceae, researchers have previously observed the presence of nectaries (Leitão et al, 2014; Pansarin et al, 2015; Solano-Gómez et al, 2016), osmophores (Pansarin and Amaral, 2009; Millner and Baldwin, 2016; Caballero-Villalobos et al, 2017), idioblasts, and colleters (Leitão and Cortelazzo, 2008; Mayer et al, 2011; Cardoso-Gustavson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep in the Jelly: Histochemical and Functional Aspects of Mucilage-Secreting Floral Colleters in the Orchids Elleanthus brasiliensis and E. crinipes

et al. 2019

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Colleters are trichomes or emergencies that produce a sticky exudate consisting of a mixture of mucilage, lipids, terpenes, and phenolic compounds. Colleters occur in at least 60 families of angiosperms; however, reports of them are scarce for the Orchidaceae. Elleanthus brasiliensis is distinguished by the presence of an abundant gelatinous secretion that covers almost all of its inflorescences. We aimed to describe the histology of colleters in inflorescences of E. brasiliensis and Elleanthus crinipes , and to analyze the chemical composition of their secretion to better understand the functions of these secretory structures. Due to the low frequency of colleters and lack of visible secretion in E. crinipes , histochemical tests and chemical analyses were not performed for this species. Colleters are of a brush type and their secretion has, at the same time, hydrophilic and lipophilic components. Histochemical tests further revealed the presence of pectin, mucilage, lipids, terpenes, phenolic compounds, and proteins. The GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of γ-sitosterol and palmitic, linoleic, and stearic acids in the secretion of E. brasiliensis . Infrared analysis indicated the possible presence of polysaccharides in the secretion. The occurrence of colleters in both species studied and in other orchids described in the literature suggests that these structures are common in the inflorescences of tropical orchids. In these environments, the hydrated polysaccharides in the secretion form a dense matrix that can act as a physical barrier, and terpenes may help to protect against herbivores and pathogenic microorganisms. This information broadens our knowledge of the morphological and chemical diversity of the secretions produced by orchid colleters.

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“…Much later, Pijl & Dodson (1966) compiled numerous reports. However, as already noticed for other authors (Caballero-Villalobos et al 2017) most of these observations are limited to the mere observation of bees/hummingbirs onto flowers, without really proving that these animals acted as pollenvectors. Indeed, some of the suggestions made by Pijl & Dodson (1966), such as the existence of pollination through pseudoantagonism need to be reappraised under a new light, owing to new evidences (see below).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

A literature review of the pollination strategies and breeding systems in Oncidiinae orchids

Castro

Singer

2019

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Oncidiinae is an exclusively Neotropical orchid subtribe with about 1600 described species and an impressive array of vegetative and floral morphological adaptations. We present the results of a literature survey on the pollination strategies and breeding systems of this orchid subtribe. The flowers are pollinated by a wide range of insects (mostly bees) and, sometimes, hummingbirds. Several genera reward their pollinators with floral resources such as oils, nectar or perfumes. Whereas pollination by oil-gathering bees likely evolved several times within Oncidiinae, exclusive pollination by perfume-gathering male Euglossine bees is likely restricted to a set of closely-related genera. Pollination by food or sexual deception is also present within the subtribe. Up to date, the pollen-vectors of the 92 species of Oncidiinae studied so far are as follows: 84.7 % are pollinated by bees, 6.5 % by wasps, 4.3 % by hummingbirds, 3.2 % by butterflies and 3.2 % by flies. Oncidiinae orchids are preferentially self-incompatible (69.4 % of the species studied so far), some may also present protandry as a mechanism to promote cross-pollination. Fruiting success is generally low. The rate of visitation with subsequent pollination is low, in general, which contributes to the low reproductive success of this plant group.

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Generalized food-deceptive pollination in four Cattleya (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) species from Southern Brazil

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Intrafloral Color Modularity in a Bee-Pollinated Orchid

Intrafloral Color Modularity in a Bee-Pollinated Orchid

Deep in the Jelly: Histochemical and Functional Aspects of Mucilage-Secreting Floral Colleters in the Orchids Elleanthus brasiliensis and E. crinipes

A literature review of the pollination strategies and breeding systems in Oncidiinae orchids

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