Generalized reciprocal method applied in processing seismic refraction data from the basement terrain of Zaria, Northwest Nigeria

An., Demirev; Osazuwa, IB

doi:10.4314/njphy.v20i2.46132

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Among different attempts made to reduce effects of random noise is the use of signal averaging system (SAS), particularly when a low source of seismic energy is used [4]. The application of SAS involves multiple hammer blows for a particular geophone spread without removing the spread until the required number of blows has been taken [5]. For each of the geophones, the SAS averages the noise and the weak signals that arrive from all the hammer blows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beam-Forming Technique for Enhancement of Noisy Seismic Refraction Data

Ogah¹,

Chinedu²

2012

IJG

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We have described a method of obtaining useful information from noisy seismic refraction data. The simple method, tagged beam-forming technique, is based on the basic time-distance equations of refraction seismology. It involves basically of introducing relative time delays to individual seismic traces of seismic refraction spread to correct for the non-coincidence of the incidence seismic energy at different geophones, and averaging the traces to obtain the beam. The assumption here is that the signal is coherent between the geophones while the noise is random, and for groups of geophones corresponding to the same refraction segments of the travel time curve, this basic assumption is valid. The process of beam forming therefore leads to improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and correct determination of the intercept times which are subsequently used to compute other geologic layer parameters. The ability of the applied technique to filter out or minimize random noise has been tested using a modified random number routine. The performance test on computation of geologic layer parameters using very noisy synthetic data reveals that the method is still very reliable even with very poor quality data having SNR as small as 0.05

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%