Generation and Diagnosis of Terawatt/<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Centimeter</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Electron Beams

Condit, W. C.; Trimble, D.; Metzger, G. A.; Pellinen, D.; Heurlin, S. E.; Creely, P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.30.123

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…I ,2 In order to realize recent proposals, an electron beam with a current density of about 10 8_109 afcm 2 , a pulse duration of (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) ns, and a beam energy of 3 MJ has to be generated. We have no such beam today.5-8 Therefore, the main experimental investigations of high-current beams being carried out at I. V. Kurchatov Institute are concerned with the problems of focusing and decreasing pulse duration.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…During the last few years, ideas regarding heating solid D-T mixtures up to thermonuclear temperatures'v' by high-power electron beams have been further developed.v" It is important that the requirements for beam focusing and beam duration have essentially decreased, as compared with results of earlier works. I ,2 In order to realize recent proposals, an electron beam with a current density of about 10 8_109 afcm 2 , a pulse duration of (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) ns, and a beam energy of 3 MJ has to be generated. We have no such beam today.5-8 Therefore, the main experimental investigations of high-current beams being carried out at I. V. Kurchatov Institute are concerned with the problems of focusing and decreasing pulse duration.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Production and Focusing of High‐current Beams of Relativistic Electrons Up to High Densities

Gordeev

Korolev

Sidorov

et al. 1975

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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During the last few years, ideas regarding heating solid D-T mixtures up to thermonuclear temperatures'v' by high-power electron beams have been further developed.v" It is important that the requirements for beam focusing and beam duration have essentially decreased, as compared with results of earlier works. I ,2 In order to realize recent proposals, an electron beam with a current density of about 10 8_109 afcm 2 , a pulse duration of (5-10) ns, and a beam energy of 3 MJ has to be generated. We have no such beam today.5-8 Therefore, the main experimental investigations of high-current beams being carried out at I. V. Kurchatov Institute are concerned with the problems of focusing and decreasing pulse duration.It appears that solution of the beam-focusing problem may have two stages. In the first stage it is necessary to find a way to transmit the energy of high-power electromagnetic waves to diodes with sufficiently small dimensions.The main obstacle in the transmission problem is the low breakdown strength of well-known dielectrics and, in particular: the vacuum insulation; however, recent studies of the improvement of vacuum insulation by means of magnetic fields 5 ,9, 10 bring us hope of success.The beam-focusing problem is more complicated. Some experimental and theoretical investigations [11][12][13] show that the desirable beam focusing will be obtained in a drift chamber with longitudinal or azimuthal magnetic fields if the beam produced in the diode gap is very cold. Hence, progress now being made in the problem of beam focusing directly in the diode region is of considerable interest. Good results were achieved when plasma filled up all or part of the diode region. In principle, there are two possibilities for plasma effects on beam generation. First, under certain conditions, intensive beams can be generated in a currentcarrying plasma. This effect was discovered in Ref. 14 and apparently was closely connected with the plasma-current instabilities. Further studies with the powerforming lines as a current source l 5 -17 have shown the theoretical possibility of high-current beam generation in a plasma discharge, but have not resulted in an understanding of this phenomenon.By contrast with these results, the experiments performed and explained by Yonas and others6,18 are more clear. They used a plasma channel created along the diode axis. The electron beam emitted by the edge of flat cathode was pinched 668

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confidence: 99%

Production and Focusing of High‐current Beams of Relativistic Electrons Up to High Densities

Gordeev

Korolev

Sidorov

et al. 1975

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…1 " 4 Considerable effort is devoted to obtaining highly pinched electron beams. 5 " 10 The process of energy deposition in the high-current, high-energy-density regime differs from the classical cold-target process in a number of ways. One of these is the effect of target expansion due to the high pressures which develop during the energy-deposition process.…”

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Two-Dimensional Calculation of Electron-Beam-Target Interaction

1975

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Two Methods of Space-Time Energy Densification

Sahlin

1976

Energy Storage, Compression, and Switching

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With a viev to the goal of net energy production from a DT microexplosion, we study two ideas (methods) through which (separately or in combination) energy may be "concentrated" into a small volume and short period of time-the so-called space-time energy densification or compression. We first discuss the advantages and disadvantages of lasers and relativistic electron-beam {E-beam) machines as the sources of such energy and identify the amplification of laser pulses as a key factor in energy compression. The pulse length of present relativistic E-beam machines is the most serious linitatioo of this pulsed-power source. The first energy-compression idea we discuss is the reasonably efficient production of short-duration, hi^h-current relativistic electron pulses by the self interruption and restrii;e of a current in a plasna pinch due to the rapid onset uf strong turbulence. A 1-MJ plasma focus based on this method is nearing completion at this Laboratory. The second energy-compression Idea is based on laserpulse producti , through the parametric amplification of a self-similar or solitary wave pulse, for which analogs can be found in other wave processes. Specifically, the second energy-compression idea is a proposal for parametric amplification of a solitary, transverse magnetic pulse in a coaxial cavity with a Bennett dielectric rod as an inner coax. Amplifiers of this type can be driven by the pulsed power frorr a relativistic K-beam machine. If the end of the inner dielectric coax is nade of LiDT or another fusionable material, the amplified pulse can directly drive a fusion reaction-there would be no need to switch the pulse out of the system toward a remote target.

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Generation and Diagnosis of Terawatt/Centimeter2Electron Beams

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Production and Focusing of High‐current Beams of Relativistic Electrons Up to High Densities

Production and Focusing of High‐current Beams of Relativistic Electrons Up to High Densities

Two-Dimensional Calculation of Electron-Beam-Target Interaction

Two Methods of Space-Time Energy Densification

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