Generation and focusing of shock-acoustic waves in a liquid by a multicenter electric discharge

Teslenko, V. S.; Zhukov, A. I.; Митрофанов, В. В.; Drozhzhin, A. P.

doi:10.1134/1.1259328

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Cold non-equilibrium electrical discharges in electrically conductive liquids or above these liquids' surfaces can be generated in several ways (by short and fast rising high voltage pulses, high or low frequency ac excitation or dc excitation) and various electrode configurations have been studied. For the last two decades, research has been focused on getting a better understanding of the pre-breakdown and breakdown phenomena in liquid water [1][2][3][4][5][6] and on several applications in water such as degradation of hazardous organic compounds [4][5][6][7][8], killing of microorganisms [3,[9][10][11][12][13], chemical synthesis [14,15], shock wave generation [6,[16][17][18], medicine [17] and biomedical engineering [18,19]. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of ac capillary discharge produced in electrically conductive water solution

Baerdemaeker

Šimek

Schmidt

et al. 2007

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Basic electrical, optical and calorimetric characteristics of an ac (50 Hz) driven capillary discharge produced in a water solution were studied for initial water solution conductivity in the range 50-1000 µS cm −1 . Typical current and voltage waveforms and emission intensities produced by several electronically excited species were recorded with high time resolution. The evolution of the electrical current, power and capillary resistance was inspected during positive ac half-cycle for various operational regimes. A fast relaxation of the discharge following a breakdown event was observed. Optical measurements indicate that radiative species are mostly generated during the first few hundreds of nanoseconds of plasma generation and that the average duration of plasma emission induced by a discharge pulse is of the order of a few microseconds. Results of calorimetric measurements are in good agreement with average electrical measurements and support the assumption that the discharge is a constant source of heat delivered to the liquid. Assuming that only a fraction of the heat released inside the capillary can be transported by conduction through the capillary wall and via its orifices, the processes of bubble formation, expulsion and re-filling the capillary with 'fresh' water must play a key role in maintaining a thermal balance during long-time steady-state operation of the device. Furthermore, a simplified numerical model and a first order energy deposition calculation prove the plausibility of the bubble breakdown mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of ac capillary discharge produced in electrically conductive water solution

Baerdemaeker

Šimek

Schmidt

et al. 2007

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…In the SAFE shock wave generator, 90 individual electrohydraulic transducers are mounted on a spherical carrier made of dielectric material. Each transducer consists of 45 3Dprinted titanium electrodes embedded in epoxy resin and each polished to yield a tip diameter of 0.3 mm following previous studies (11,12). The transducers are arranged in 5 concentric rings divided into 6 sectors (Figure 1).…”

Section: Design Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-spark electrohydraulic shock wave generator with adjustable pressure field distribution and beam steering capability

Sankin¹,

Zheng²,

Gu³

et al. 2023

Front. Urol.

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Background and objectiveAll clinical shock wave lithotripters produce an axisymmetric acoustic field without accounting for the anatomic features of the kidney or respiratory motion of the patient. This work presents a steerable and adjustable focusing electrohydraulic (SAFE) shock wave generator design with variable beam size and shape.Materials and methods90 electrohydraulic transducers are mounted concentrically on a spherical basin with adjustable connection to individual transducers. Each transducer consists of 45 3D-printed titanium microelectrodes embedded in epoxy with a tip diameter of 0.3 mm. All the transducers are arranged in 5 concentric rings and sub-divided into 6 sectors.ResultsBy changing the connections of individual transducers, the focused pressure field produced by the transducer array can be either axisymmetric with a -6 dB focal width of 14.8 mm in diameter, or non-axisymmetric with a long axis of 22.7 mm and a short axis of 15.1 mm. The elongated beam produces a peak positive pressure of 33.7 ± 4.1 MPa and comminution efficiency of 42.2 ± 3.5%, compared to 36.2 ± 0.7 MPa and 28.6 ± 6.1% for axisymmetric beam after 150 pulses at 20 kV.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that the SAFE shock wave generator can produce an elongated non-axisymmetric pressure field with higher stone comminution efficiency. The SAFE shock wave generator may provide a flexible and versatile design to achieve accurate, stable, and safe lithotripsy for kidney stone treatment.

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“…Last two decades, research has been focused on getting a better understanding of the pre-breakdown and breakdown phenomena in liquid water [1][2][3][4][5] and on several applications in water such as degradation of hazardous organic compounds [4][5][6][7], killing of microorganisms [3,[8][9][10][11], chemical synthesis [12,13], shock wave generation [14][15][16], medicine [15] and biomedical engineering [16,17] ... [18]. Among the various configurations to generate plasma in conductive liquids only the diaphragm and the capillary discharge scheme allow to generate plasma which is not in contact with one of the electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pump Effect of a Capillary Discharge in Electrically Conductive Liquids

Baerdemaeker

Šimek

Leys

et al. 2007

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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Among the configurations to generate plasma in electrically conductive liquids only the diaphragm and the capillary discharge schemes allow to generate plasma which is not in contact with one of the electrodes. Based on this concept, this work reports for the first time the development of an underwater plasma pump, in which the periodic electrical breakdown inside an asymmetrical (sub-)millimetre hole results in a net flow of aqueous solution through the hole without the use of any moving parts such as valves or diaphragms typically used in micropumps. Certain capillary geometries feature very stable flow rates and even allow altering flow direction by changing the power. By varying the hole's dimensions, the range of time-independent flow rates covers more than one order of magnitude and as the discharge produces some of the strongest oxidants available, we believe that this concept might find application in fields as water decontamination and sterilization.

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Generation and focusing of shock-acoustic waves in a liquid by a multicenter electric discharge

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Characteristics of ac capillary discharge produced in electrically conductive water solution

Characteristics of ac capillary discharge produced in electrically conductive water solution

A multi-spark electrohydraulic shock wave generator with adjustable pressure field distribution and beam steering capability

Pump Effect of a Capillary Discharge in Electrically Conductive Liquids

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