“…Here, the BG vortex beam is usually created by a computer-controlled liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] or digital micromirror device (DMD) [35], a special designed hybrid phase plate [36], a transparent variable diffractive spiral axicon based on a single liquid-crystal cell [37], polymer-based phase plate [38], metasurface [39], Pancharatnam-Berry phase element [40], axicon [41][42][43], or diffraction of the BG vortex beam by using curved fork grating [44], and so on. In addition, the PVB can be directly generated by schemes including a computer-generated hologram (CGH) displayed on the reflective phase SLM [45][46][47][48] or the DMD [49,50], a radial phase shift spiral zone plate [51,52], a planar Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase element [53], or metasurfaces [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62], etc. Recently, the ...…”