“…In the past decade, numerous methods have been proposed in the literature to develop bidding strategies for electricity market participants, including generating and load-serving entities and large consumers. Mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints [4], [5], nonlinear complementarity approach [6], [7], Lagrangian relaxation [8], ordinal optimization [9], stepwise nonlinear mixedinteger optimization [10], control theory [11], [12], optimal control theory [13], [14], stochastic optimization [15]- [17], binary expansion [18], [19], residual demand curve (RDC) with optimal power flow [20], RDC with stochastic dual dynamic programming [21], and RDC with stochastic mixed-integer programming [22] are a few of the methods.…”