Generation of 41 mW of blue radiation by frequency doubling of a GaAlAs diode laser

Kozlovsky, W. J.; Lenth, W.; Latta, E.E.; Möser, Andreas; Bona, G.L.

doi:10.1063/1.102943

Cited by 146 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus in the approximation of a parabolic temperature distribution, the crystal is taken to be a medium with a quadratic index profile, and the Gaussian beam parameters of the cavity then follow in a standard fashion.' 6 In Fig. 3 we examine the dependence of the fundamental beam waist coo in the center of the crystal on the spacing d (Fig.…”

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“…'- 7 For example, a cw power of 40 mW at 429 nm has been achieved by frequency doubling of a semiconductor diode laser, 6 while 150 mW of power at 467 nm has been generated by nonlinear mixing of diode and Nd:YAG lasers in KNbO 3 . 7 Although much of the research in this area has employed external buildup cavities to enhance the conversion efficiency, the absolute blue power has been limited by the available pump power.…”

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Frequency doubling with KNbO_3 in an external cavity

1991

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Potassium niobate is employed in an external resonator to generate single-frequency tunable radiation near 430 nm. For excitation with 1.35 W of power from a cw titanium-sapphire laser, 0.65 W of blue light is produced. A simple model has been developed to account for thermal lensing in the nonlinear crystal.Owing to the large second-order susceptibility of potassium niobate (KNbO 3 ), nonlinear mixing in KNbO 3 has been found to be an attractive source of blue light.'-7 For example, a cw power of 40 mW at 429 nm has been achieved by frequency doubling of a semiconductor diode laser, 6 while 150 mW of power at 467 nm has been generated by nonlinear mixing of diode and Nd:YAG lasers in KNbO 3 . 7 Although much of the research in this area has employed external buildup cavities to enhance the conversion efficiency, the absolute blue power has been limited by the available pump power. In this regard, the titanium-sapphire (Ti:A1 2 0 3 ) laser is a suitable source since single-frequency output power in excess of 2 W is readily achieved. Indeed, the Ti:A1 2 0 3 laser has recently been used for external-cavity doubling with LiIO 3 to produce 40 mW of broadly tunable blue output light for 600 mW of infrared input. 8 For doubling schemes with KNbO 3 within the Ti:A1 2 0 3 laser cavity, 100-150 mW of blue light power-near 430 nm has been obtained in unpublished experiments in our laboratory and elsewhere. 3 Motivated by these developments as well as by a variety of possible applications in optical physics, we have undertaken an investigation of frequency doubling with KNbO 3 in an external buildup cavity driven by the light from a cw Ti:A1 2 0 3 laser. We have made measurements of conversion efficiency over a range of operating conditions and have compared these results in absolute terms with those of a simple theoretical model. In a cw mode of operation, 0.65 W of blue light near 430 nm has been generated for 1.35 W of fundamental input. Because thermal lensing significantly affects the conversion efficiency and cavity servo performance at these power levels, we have also employed a transient mode of operation with the cavity length swept through resonance to obtain peak power of 1.0 W of blue light for 2.0 W of infrared excitation.For our experiment, a single-frequency Ti:A1 2 0 3 laser capable of producing as much as 2 W of output near 840-870 nm and with a linewidth of 50 kHz rms was mode matched into a ring doubling cavity resonant with the fundamental input (Fig. 1). The doubling cavity consisted of four flat mirrors and two lenses (f 35 mm) together with a normal-cut KNbO 3 crystal of length 6 mm (Ref. 9); the crystal as well as lens surfaces were antireflection coated 0146-9592/91/181400-03$5.00/0 for low loss at both 860 and 430 nm. In spite of the quality of coatings (0.15%o/surface), passive losses from the lenses reduced the cavity buildup relative to astigmatically compensated cavities with curved mirrors. However, the setup shown in Fig. 1 facili-tates the exploration of a range of focusing geometries, whic...

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Frequency doubling with KNbO_3 in an external cavity

1991

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“…The PPKTP crystal could therefore be tuned thermally for optimum phase-matching, resulting in high power blue output with a 'wallplug efficiency' (optical power : electrical power) of ∼1.3%. In comparison, Kozlovsky et al [36] reported a wallplug efficiency approaching 10% for the generation of 41 mW at 428 nm. Their scheme, however, involved doubling the output from an edge-emitting diode in a monolithic KNbO 3 resonator and thus required precise electronic servo locking of the diode output to the nonlinear resonator, with attendant complexity.…”

Section: Visible Vecsels With Intra-cavity Doublingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[36,37]). However, this approach is complicated by the problem of matching of the mode of the edge-emitter into the nonlinear crystal.…”

Section: Visible Vecsels With Intra-cavity Doublingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers

Tropper¹,

Foreman²,

Garnache³

et al. 2004

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

183

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Surface-emitting semiconductor lasers can make use of external cavities and optical pumping techniques to achieve a combination of high continuous-wave output power and near-diffraction-limited beam quality that is not matched by any other type of semiconductor source. The ready access to the laser mode that the external cavity provides has been exploited for applications such as intra-cavity frequency doubling and passive mode-locking. The purpose of this Topical Review is to outline the operating principles of these versatile lasers and summarize the capabilities of devices that have been demonstrated so far. Particular attention is paid to the generation of near-transform-limited sub-picosecond pulses in passively mode-locked surface-emitting lasers, which are potentially of interest as compact sources of ultrashort pulses at high average power that can be operated readily at repetition rates of many gigahertz.

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“…2 For example, KNbO 3 has been used successfully for the production of cw blue light by frequency doubling of a dye laser, 3 doubling of a semiconductor diode laser, 4 and nonlinear mixing of diode and Nd:YAG lasers. 5 In recent work we observed 70% conversion efficiency for external cavity doubling of Ti:A1 2 0 3 light near 860 nm and secondharmonic output power in excess of 0.6 W for 1.35 W of pump.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%