Generation of Artificial Ionospheric Irregularities in the Midlatitude Ionosphere Modified by High-Power High-Frequency X-Mode Radio Waves

Frolov, V. L.; Bolotin, I. A.; Комраков, Г. П.; Pershin, A. V.; Vertogradov, G. G.; Vertogradov, V. G.; Vertogradova, E. G.; Куницын, В. Е.; Padokhin, A. M.; Kurbatov, G. A.; Akchurin, Adel; Zykov, E. Yu.

doi:10.1007/s11141-014-9523-8

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…We also note the edge effect discovered in [35], in which the generation of large-scale irregularities is enhanced at the edge of the high-power radio-wave beam. The reason for this effect is related to a more rapid change in the electric field of the high-power radio wave in the direction transverse to the beam axis and, therefore, plasma heating being strongly inhomogeneous in this direction, which results in generation of solenoidal currents around the high-power radio-wave beam, and generation of large-scale irregularities via these currents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…As was shown in [35], the HF-enhanced generation of large-scale irregularities at the edge of the high-power radio-wave beam can in a natural way be related with rapid variations in the electric field of the high-power radio wave in the direction orthogonal to the beam axis, and therefore with the highly inhomogeneous plasma heating in this direction. According to [42], there is generation of solenoidal currents encircling the high-power radio-wave beam, which can contribute to the generation of large-scale irregularities at its boundary.…”

Section: Edge Effectmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The appearance of weak TEC fluctuations far south-west of the beam edge, as was discussed in detail in [35], can be related to the removal of large-scale irregularities from the region of their intense generation along the plasma drift velocity vector until they reach the receiver-to-satellite line. From the decay time of kilometer irregularities, which is 10-20 min, and for the possible plasma drift velocity 25-100 m/s at the altitudes of the F 2 region, it can easily be found that under the midlatitude ionosphere conditions the distance to which such irregularities can be transported is from a few tens to hundreds of kilometers, which was confirmed experimentally in [31].…”

Section: Features Of Generation Of Large-scale Artificial Irregularitmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The authors of [35] analyzed in detail the results of comparative studies of generation of large-scale irregularities with l ≈ 5-10 km in the midlatitude ionospheric F region modified by high-power O-or Xmode waves. It was shown that under conditions of evening-and night-time ionosphere the generation of such irregularities with pump-wave radiation powers of 100 to 150 MW is at least an order of magnitude less effective for ionospheric heating by high-power X-mode radio waves compared with the O-mode wave heating.…”

Section: Edge Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peculiarities of Excitation of Large-Scale Plasma Density Irregularities During Modification of the Ionospheric F 2 Region by High-Power HF Radio Waves

Frolov

Schorokhova

Куницын

et al. 2016

Radiophys Quantum El

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We present the experimental results concerning the features of large-scale artificial plasma-density irregularities excited in the ionospheric F 2 region by high-power HF radio waves. The experiments were performed in recent years using the SURA heating facility. It is shown that at the altitude of the pump-wave reflection, these irregularities are most efficiently generated in the magnetic zenith region. The effect of enhancement of the large-scale irregularity generation at the edge of the pump-wave beam is revealed. The results of studying large-scale irregularities recorded at the altitudes of the topside ionosphere are presented. Experimental results concerning the features of the internal gravity waves generated at the ionospheric altitudes during periodic heating of the ionospheric plasma by high-power HF radio waves are summarized and their possible influence on generation of artificial ionospheric irregularities at a long distance from the heater is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Edge Effectmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Features Of Generation Of Large-scale Artificial Irregularitmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Edge Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Peculiarities of Excitation of Large-Scale Plasma Density Irregularities During Modification of the Ionospheric F 2 Region by High-Power HF Radio Waves

Frolov

Schorokhova

Куницын

et al. 2016

Radiophys Quantum El

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The first step is the thermal self-focusing instability, and the second step is the formation of electron inhomogeneities resulting from the thermal self-focusing instability or from the gradient drift and current convective instabilities. Otherwise, it should be noted that small-scale FAIs were not excited when powerful X-mode waves were used for pumping at the Sura facility, which is in the middle latitudes (Frolov et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulated electromagnetic emissions spectrum observed during an X-mode heating experiment at the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Earth and Planetary Physics

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An extraordinary (X‐mode) electromagnetic wave, injected into the ionosphere by the ground‐based heating facility at Tromsø, Norway, was utilized to modify the ionosphere on November 6, 2017. The high‐power high‐frequency transmitter facility located at Tromsø belongs to the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association. In the experiment, stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) spectra were observed. A narrow continuum occurred under cold‐start conditions and showed an overshoot effect lasting several seconds. Cascading peaks occurred on both sides of the heating frequency only in the preconditioned ionosphere and also showed an overshoot effect. These SEE features are probably related to the ponderomotive process in the X‐mode heating experiment and are helpful for understanding the physical mechanism that generated them during the X‐mode heating experiment. The features observed in the X‐mode heating experiments are novel and require further investigation.

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A theoretical investigation on the parametric instability excited by X‐mode polarized electromagnetic wave at Tromsø

et al. 2016

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Recent ionospheric modification experiments performed at Tromsø, Norway, have indicated that X‐mode pump wave is capable of stimulating high‐frequency enhanced plasma lines, which manifests the excitation of parametric instability. This paper investigates theoretically how the observation can be explained by the excitation of parametric instability driven by X‐mode pump wave. The threshold of the parametric instability has been calculated for several recent experimental observations at Tromsø, illustrating that our derived equations for the excitation of parametric instability for X‐mode heating can explain the experimental observations. According to our theoretical calculation, a minimum fraction of pump wave electric field needs to be directed along the geomagnetic field direction in order for the parametric instability threshold to be met. A full‐wave finite difference time domain simulation has been performed to demonstrate that a small parallel component of pump wave electric field can be achieved during X‐mode heating in the presence of inhomogeneous plasma.

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Generation of Artificial Ionospheric Irregularities in the Midlatitude Ionosphere Modified by High-Power High-Frequency X-Mode Radio Waves

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Peculiarities of Excitation of Large-Scale Plasma Density Irregularities During Modification of the Ionospheric F 2 Region by High-Power HF Radio Waves

Peculiarities of Excitation of Large-Scale Plasma Density Irregularities During Modification of the Ionospheric F 2 Region by High-Power HF Radio Waves

Stimulated electromagnetic emissions spectrum observed during an X-mode heating experiment at the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association

A theoretical investigation on the parametric instability excited by X‐mode polarized electromagnetic wave at Tromsø

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