“…CHO cell expression systems and associated bioprocesses have been developed through a range of approaches over the last few decades such that yields in excess of 5 g/L of mAb are now routinely achieved (Marichal-Gallardo, 2012). However, some mAbs are still difficult to express (DTE) in CHO cells (Laux, 2013;Mathias, 2020;Pybus, 2014) whilst many novel biotherapeutic molecule formats in development are DTE in CHO cells, or any other, expression system. A number of approaches have been taken to try and address this so that such DTE proteins can be produced at higher yields and quality.…”