Generation of isolated soft x-ray attosecond pulses with mid-infrared driving lasers via transient phase-matching gating

Li, Baochang; Wang, Kan; Tang, Xiangyu; Chen, Yanbo; Lin, C. D.; Jin, Cheng

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/ac136f

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…[1,[16][17][18] Meanwhile, a variety of gating methods have been applied to produce isolated attosecond pulses in soft x-rays. [19][20][21][22][23] From a simple-man model or a three-step model, [24,25] one knows that the cutoff photon energy of single-atom HHG by a laser with intensity I 0 and wavelength λ 0 is given by hω = I p + 3.17U p , where the ponderomotive energy U p ∝ I 0 λ 2 0 , with I p being the ionization potential and h the reduced Planck constant. On the other hand, the HHG yields from each atom drop quickly with increasing laser wavelength, which follows the scaling law of λ −(4∼6) 0 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of laser focus in two-color synthesized waveform on generation of soft x-ray high harmonics

Chen¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Chinese Phys. B

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The synthesis of multi-color laser pulses has been developed as a promising way to improve the low conversion efficiency of high-order harmonic generation (HHG). Here we systematically study the effect of laser focus in the two-color waveform on the generation of macroscopic HHG in the soft X-rays. We find that the dependence of HHG yields on laser focus at low or high gas pressure is sensitive to the characteristics of single-atom harmonic response, in which “short”- or “long”-trajectory emissions can be selectively controlled by changing the waveform of two-color synthesized laser pulse. We uncover the phase-matching mechanism of HHG in the gas medium by examining the propagation of two-color waveform and the evolution of time-frequency emissions of high-harmonic field. We further reveal that the nonlinear effects, such as geometric phase, atomic dispersion, and plasma defocusing, are responsible for the modification of two-color waveform upon propagation. This work can be used to find a better macroscopic conditions for generating soft X-ray HHG by employing the two-color optimized waveform.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of laser focus in two-color synthesized waveform on generation of soft x-ray high harmonics

Chen¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Chinese Phys. B

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“…[41] Therefore, the QRS-based induced dipoles have been widely adopted to simulate the macroscopic HHG without the OAM in our previous studies. [42][43][44] The validity of this approach has been checked against results with TDSE-based induced dipoles. [45] However, it is not clear if the replacement of the TDSE with the QRS in the single-atom response can still be valid when simulating the macroscopic vortex HHG driven by the nonzero OAM beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of quantitative rescattering model for simulating vortex high-order harmonic generation driven by Laguerre–Gaussian beam with nonzero orbital angular momentum

Han 韩,

Guan 管,

Wang 汪

et al. 2023

Chinese Phys. B

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We calibrate the macroscopic vortex high-order harmonic generation (HHG) obtained by using the quantitative rescattering (QRS) model to compute single-atom induced dipoles against that by solving the timedependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). We show that the QRS perfectly agrees with the TDSE under the favorable phase-matching condition, and the QRS can accurately predict the main features in the spatial profiles of vortex HHG if the phase-matching condition is not good. We uncover that harmonic emissions from “short” and “long” trajectories are adjusted by the phase-matching condition through the time-frequency analysis and the QRS can simulate the vortex HHG accurately only when the interference between two trajectories is absent. This work confirms that it is an efficient way to employ the QRS model in the single-atom response for precisely simulating the macroscopic vortex HHG.

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“…There have been a number of established gating methods to produce IAPs in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) region with duration ranging from a few hundreds to a few tens attoseconds, including amplitude gating [7], ionization gating [8], polarization gating [9], double-optical gating [10], attosecond lighthouse [11,12], multi-color waveform synthesis [13][14][15], and phase-matching in the overdriven regime [16,17]. Beginning around 2011, with the development of mid-infrared (MIR) laser technology [18], several groups have generated continuum harmonic spectra [19][20][21][22][23] in the soft x-ray (SXR) region and a few have reported the characterization of their temporal behaviors [24][25][26][27][28]. These SXR pulses have a much broader spectral bandwidth and potentially shorter pulse durations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct reconstruction of isolated XUV or soft x-ray attosecond pulses from high-harmonic generation streaking spectra

Wang

et al. 2023

New J. Phys.

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Characterization of an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP) in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) or soft X-ray (SXR) region is essential for its applications. Here we propose to retrieve an IAP in the time domain directly through the modulation of high-harmonic generation (HHG) spectra in the presence of a time-delayed intense few-cycle infrared or mid-infrared laser. The retrieval algorithm is derived based onthe strong-field approximation and an extended quantitative rescattering model. We show that both isolated XUV pulses with a narrow spectral bandwidth and isolated SXR pulses with a broad bandwidth can be well characterized through the HHG streaking spectra. Such an all-optical method for characterizing the IAP differs from the commonly used approach based on the streaked photoelectron spectra that would require electron spectrometers. We check the robustness of the retrieval method by changing the dressing laser or by adjusting the steps of time delay. We also show that the XUV pulse can be accurately retrieved by treating the HHG streaking spectra calculated from solving the time-dependent Schr¨odinger equation for single atoms as the “experimental” data.

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Generation of isolated soft x-ray attosecond pulses with mid-infrared driving lasers via transient phase-matching gating

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Effect of laser focus in two-color synthesized waveform on generation of soft x-ray high harmonics

Effect of laser focus in two-color synthesized waveform on generation of soft x-ray high harmonics

Calibration of quantitative rescattering model for simulating vortex high-order harmonic generation driven by Laguerre–Gaussian beam with nonzero orbital angular momentum

Direct reconstruction of isolated XUV or soft x-ray attosecond pulses from high-harmonic generation streaking spectra

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