NOMENCLATURE (x, y, z) = coordinates of measured point (xc, yc, zc) = coordinates of the predicted contact point (xc ' , yc ' , zc ' ) = coordinates of the predicted contact point r = distance from the origin to the measured point in xy plane rb = probe tip radius R = radius of curvature of the test surface k = conic constant of the test surface θ = slope of the test surface ϕ = azimuthal angle in the xy-plane (Tx, Ty, Tz) = translation in x-, y-, z-axes (Rx, Ry, Rz) = rotation about x-, y-, z-axes (dx, dy, dz) = differences between measured data and target data in x-, y-, z-axes