Generation of Ultrasonic Second and Third Harmonics Due to Dislocations. I

Hikata, A.; Elbaum, C.

doi:10.1103/physrev.144.469

Cited by 139 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Investigations to relate ultrasonic nonlinearity for bulk waves with material microstructure have been reported by numerous researchers. [12][13][14]43,67,68 However, these 1-D analysis efforts may not be applicable for guided waves due to their three-dimensional nature. Recent investigations by the authors define an asymmetry parameter for mesoscale analysis that can be homogenized up to the continuum level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11] The contributions of elastic nonlinearity and dislocations were examined for bulk waves. [12][13][14] Many studies over the years have employed second-harmonic generation to characterize microstructural changes, for example, associated with fatigue, creep, or thermal aging. A recent article 15 provides a thorough review of second-harmonic generation measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive evaluation: theory, numerics, and experiments

2015

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Abstract. Interest in using the higher harmonic generation of ultrasonic guided wave modes for nondestructive evaluation continues to grow tremendously as the understanding of nonlinear guided wave propagation has enabled further analysis. The combination of the attractive properties of guided waves with the attractive properties of higher harmonic generation provides a very unique potential for characterization of incipient damage, particularly in plate and shell structures. Guided waves can propagate relatively long distances, provide access to hidden structural components, have various displacement polarizations, and provide many opportunities for mode conversions due to their multimode character. Moreover, higher harmonic generation is sensitive to changing aspects of the microstructures such as to the dislocation density, precipitates, inclusions, and voids. We review the recent advances in the theory of nonlinear guided waves, as well as the numerical simulations and experiments that demonstrate their utility. 1 Introduction Nonlinear ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation uses interrogation signals at frequencies other than the excitation frequency to detect changes in structural integrity and characterize degradation of materials. Nonlinear ultrasonic methodologies provide improved sensitivity to damage and the ability to identify incipient damage relative to linear methods. In general, linear ultrasonic methods provide good sensitivity to macroscale damage such as long fatigue cracks. However, in many cases, once damage appears at the macroscale, the remaining life is short, severely limiting maintenance decisions. Thus, characterization of incipient damage could facilitate a paradigm shift in operations of structural systems from schedule-based to condition-based maintenance that would ultimately enhance safety and reduce life cycle costs. Nonlinear ultrasonics is a broad discipline 1,2 which encompasses many specialized techniques reliant upon nonlinear material behavior to detect and/or characterize incipient damage. Some of these include nonlinear resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, 3 nonlinear elastic wave spectroscopy, 4-6 and second-harmonic generation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive evaluation: theory, numerics, and experiments

2015

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“…Hikata et al [23,24] introduced the idea that the displacement due to the bowing out of dislocations, U d , is a contributor to harmonic generation. This U d is determined by the Koehler-Granato-LUcke vibrating string model (5) where md is the dislocation mass, B the damping coefficient, C the line tension, ° the stress amplitude and b the Burgers vector.…”

Section: Acoustic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Damage and Its Nondestructive Evaluation: An Overview

Buck

1998

Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation

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“…The term ~<.lPt is used because this measured value has experienced attenuation in propagating through the sample. A correction for attenuation [9] is applied to !3expt using attenuation coefficients at the fundamental and second harmonic frequencies, (X, and (h respectively, yielding 8x f3 = f3exP1 ~1 ewhere 8 = 2a,-a2 and x is the sample length.…”

Section: Acoustic Harmonic Genera Non Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Harmonic Generation Measurements for Materials Characterization

Barnard

1999

Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation

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Generation of Ultrasonic Second and Third Harmonics Due to Dislocations. I

Cited by 139 publications

References 8 publications

Review of nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive evaluation: theory, numerics, and experiments

Review of nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive evaluation: theory, numerics, and experiments

Fatigue Damage and Its Nondestructive Evaluation: An Overview

Acoustic Harmonic Generation Measurements for Materials Characterization

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