Generation, Transmission and Application of Orbital Angular Momentum in Optical Fiber: A Review

Ma, Minghao; Lian, Yudong; Wang, Yulei; Lü, Zhiwei

doi:10.3389/fphy.2021.773505

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…where F lm (r) is the radial distribution function of the corresponding scalar LP lm mode, Φ(lθ) is the field direction function and r and θ are the radial and azimuthal coordinates, respectively. Very good descriptions of the notation of various vector modes and their field directions can be found in [1][2][3].…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bi-directional high-order orbital angular momentum mode generation using gratings in high numerical aperture fiber

Koley,

Mani Tripathi

2024

J. Opt.

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In this paper we propose a novel design and theoretically analyse it for bi-directional orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode generation in highnumerical aperture (NA) optical fiber using combination of long period grating, short-period (Bragg) grating and a three port optical circulator. The proposed design consisting only standard fiber gratings rather than specially designed fibers, like ring-shaped fiber or other types of fiber, makings our model relatively simple. The full-vector true-mode analysis has been used to study the modal characteristics of the supported modes in the high-NA fiber. High-NA optical fiber can effectively relieve the degeneracy of the linearly polarised modes. A circularly polarised (CP) light is injected into a single mode fiber, the output end of which is axially spliced to a high NA fiber. An appropriately designed raised-cosine apodized tilted long period grating (TLPG) is used for broad bandwidth coupling of the fundamental HE11 mode to co-propagating HE21 mode. The employed TLPG converts the circularly polarised fundamental core mode (HE_x11 ± iHE_y11 ) to ±1-order OAM modes (HE_even 21 ± iHE_odd21 ). Both the CP mode andthe generated OAM pass through the circulator in the direction of port 1 to port 2. A second fiber is connected at the output of the port 2, and a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) is used to couple the forward propagating HE11 core mode with the counter-propagating HE21, EH11 and HE31 core modes. The TFBG reflected higher order (±1 and ±2) OAM modes transmit through the port 3. We have observed that the TFBG has a mode conversion efficiency of more than 95% for each mode conversion. The generated vortex beam’s topological charges have been varified using the coaxial interference method.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A typical type of structured light is an optical vortex, which can be broadly classified into a polarization vortex and a phase vortex [1][2][3]. The phase vortex beams are also called orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams and are represented by an electrical field with a helical phase, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-directional high-order orbital angular momentum mode generation using gratings in high numerical aperture fiber

Koley,

Mani Tripathi

2024

J. Opt.

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“…Для распространения ОУМ-мод используются волокна разных типов [6]: например, волокна с градиентным изменением показателя преломления сердечника [7], капиллярные волноводы [8 -10]. Но в основном наблюдается рост использования для этих целей микроструктурированных волокон, работающих на основе принципа фотонно-кристаллической запрещенной зоны [11 -16].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Reverse energy flow in vector modes of optical fibers

Stafeev¹,

Pryamikov²,

Alagashev³

et al. 2023

Computer Optics

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In this paper, the propagation of a second-order cylindrical vector beam in gradient-index and microstructured fibers is numerically simulated using the RSoft Fullwave software. The second-order vector beams are shown to be vector modes of these fibers. In the calculated fundamental modes, regions are found in which there is an energy flow directed oppositely to the beam propagation direction (regions of a reverse energy flow). The absolute value of the longitudinal component of the reverse energy flow is found to be much lower than that of the forward flow.

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“…Earlier on, HRC core optical fibers were considered as mode converters for differential mode delay decreasing in laser-based multi-Gigabit data transmission short range optical networks with multimode optical fibers 1,2 , acousto-optic control of polarization 2 and higher-order mode dispersion compensation 2,3 . Nowadays, HRC core optical fibers as well as their more complicated modification -HRC microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) and photonic crystal fibers (PCFs)are primely targeted as optical guiding systems [4][5][6] for spatial (e.g. mode) division multiplexing technique, based on generation and transmission of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, utilized in optical networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silica microstructured optical fiber with centralized inclusion of seven GeO2-doped capillaries and induced twisting. Part I: fabrication of pilot samples

Bourdine,

Demidov,

Ter-Nersesyants

et al. 2023

Optical Technologies for Telecommunications 2022

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This work introduces first time fabricated spun silica microstructured optical fiber (MOF) with inclusion of seven GeO2doped capillaries, placed in the central part of MOF cross-section, and induced twisting up to 730 revolutions per meter. Part I discusses technological issues for manufacturing of described complicated twisted fiber optic structure, while Part II presents some results of test series, performed for successfully manufactured twisted MOF pilot samples with typical hexagonal geometry under hole radius 4.40 µm and pitch 9.80 µm, outer "telecommunication" diameter 125 µm, and center part, formed by seven hollow GeO2-doped ring cores with inner radius 2.50 µm, pitch 8.80 µm and refractive index difference n=0.030. Following measurements were performed: measurements of transmission spectra under various twisting order, far-field laser beam profiles, some attempts of fusion splicing of typical telecommunication optical fibers and fabricated MOF with insertion loss estimation, and spectral response measurements of both single and group WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)-channels of commercially available telecom WDM-system under inclusion of 2 m length MOF into various spans of short-range lab fiber optic link.

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Generation, Transmission and Application of Orbital Angular Momentum in Optical Fiber: A Review

Cited by 32 publications

References 133 publications

Bi-directional high-order orbital angular momentum mode generation using gratings in high numerical aperture fiber

Bi-directional high-order orbital angular momentum mode generation using gratings in high numerical aperture fiber

Reverse energy flow in vector modes of optical fibers

Silica microstructured optical fiber with centralized inclusion of seven GeO2-doped capillaries and induced twisting. Part I: fabrication of pilot samples

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