Generic System Frequency Response Model for Power Grids With Different Generations

Huang, Hua; Ju, Ping; Jin, Yuqing; Yuan, Xiaoming; Qin, Chuan; Pan, Xin; Zang, Xiaoming

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2965591

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For example, the 179-bus Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) system is aggregated from the original 10,000+ bus transmission system. Fast frequency response analysis is based on the aggregated models, for example, reference [8] proposes a transfer function to aggregate all the synchronous generators and reference [9] proposes a generic transfer function to represent all of generations in the power system. For a more accurate frequency analysis in time domain simulation, reference [10] proposes a model to aggregate the multiple wind machine system into a single wind generator, reference [11] proposes method to aggregate the multiple grid-feeding converter system into a second order model and reference [12] proves that the virtual inertia response of the wind turbine can be aggregated into a similar form of the swing equation.…”

Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregated Model of Virtual Power Plants for Transient Frequency and Voltage Stability Analysis

Chen

Liu

Milano

2021

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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The Virtual Power Plant (VPP) has been proposed to aggregate Distributed Generations (DGs) to act like a single power plant, thus, also has functions on the frequency and voltage support. The previous models of the VPP are static and focus on the energy trading and management. For the system transient response analysis, a dynamic VPP model must be needed. The paper proposes a reduced-order yet accurate aggregated model to represent VPP transients for the stability analysis of power systems. The goal is to provide a model that is adequate for system studies and can serve to the Transmission System Operator (TSO) to evaluate the impact of VPPs on the overall grid. The proposed model can accommodate the transient response of the most relevant controllers included in the distributed generators that compose the VPP. Using a comparison with a real-time detailed Electro-Magnetic Transients (EMT) models of the VPP confirms the validity of the proposed aggregated model. The case studies based on the IEEE 39-bus system verifies the accuracy of the proposed aggregated model on the system stability analysis.

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Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregated Model of Virtual Power Plants for Transient Frequency and Voltage Stability Analysis

Chen

Liu

Milano

2021

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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“…Further, a system identification technique is proposed to aggregate multi-machine VSWTs networks [16]. A generic SFR model is also suggested in [17] to incorporate the dynamics of hydro and wind generation units into the traditional SFR model. In this generic SFR model, a uniform transfer function is employed to describe the dynamics of the aggregated governors [17].…”

Section: Literature Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical system frequency response model with virtual synchronous wind turbines

Malekpour

Kiyoumarsi

Gholipour

2021

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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The present paper devises a second-order system frequency response (SFR) model for power systems integrating virtual synchronous variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs). The inertial response model of full converter VSWTs, in which grid-side converters are controlled using a virtual synchronous generator concept, is developed. The derived model is incorporated into the traditional SFR model deployed to estimate the frequency behaviour of the synchronous generators following infeed loss contingencies. The proposed SFR model formulates interaction between the VSWTs rotor speed reduction and the system frequency drop. The system loads inertia is also included in the SFR model. Additionally, an analytical approach to derive the suggested SFR model for the large power system including VSWTs with different capacities and operating points is presented. Solving the proposed model gives the analytical functions for estimating deviations in the system frequency as well as VSWTs rotor speed variations. Finally, the accuracy of the devised SFR model is verified through the time-domain simulations of a modified IEEE 39-bus system. Particularly, impact of the VSWTs virtual inertia on the efficiency of the proposed SFR model is studied.

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“…In the analysis of the system frequency adjustment, the internal model of the thermal power unit can be ignored, and the structure is simplified. According to the relationship between the frequency variation and output power, the frequency response model can be established [27], as shown in Equation (14). With a larger M, the system frequency changes more slowly under the same power deviation disturbance.…”

Section: Pd Virtual Inertia Control and Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the conventional control, the value of the active power is controlled by the q-axis current, so Equation ( 25) can be expressed as in Equation (27).…”

Section: Current-frequency Double-objective Mpcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Virtual Inertia of PMSG-Based Wind Turbines Based on Multi-Objective Model-Predictive Control

et al. 2021

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In the case of a high penetration rate of wind energy conversion systems, the conventional virtual inertia control of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) has an insufficient support capability for system frequency, leading to an unstable system frequency and a slower response. Considering the finite control set model predictive control has multi-objective regulation capabilities and efficient tracking capabilities, and an improved multi-objective model-predictive control is proposed in this paper for PMSG-based wind turbines with virtual inertia based on its mathematical model. With the prediction model, the optimal control of the current and the frequency of the PMSG-based wind turbines can be obtained. Since the shaft torque changes rapidly under high virtual inertia, shaft oscillation may occur under this scenario. To address this problem, the electromagnetic torque is set as an additional optimization objective, which effectively suppresses the oscillation. Furthermore, based on accurate short-term wind speed forecasting, a dynamic weight coefficient strategy is proposed, which can reasonably distribute the weight coefficients according to the working conditions. Finally, simulations are carried out on a 2 MW PMSG-based wind turbine platform, and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies is verified.

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Generic System Frequency Response Model for Power Grids With Different Generations

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Aggregated Model of Virtual Power Plants for Transient Frequency and Voltage Stability Analysis

Aggregated Model of Virtual Power Plants for Transient Frequency and Voltage Stability Analysis

Analytical system frequency response model with virtual synchronous wind turbines

Improved Virtual Inertia of PMSG-Based Wind Turbines Based on Multi-Objective Model-Predictive Control

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