Genes encoding pancreatic polypeptide and neuropeptide Y are on human chromosomes 17 and 7.

Takeuchi, Toshiyuki; Gumucio, Deborah L.; Yamada, Tadataka; Meisler, Miriam H.; Minth, C D; Dixon, Jack E.; Eddy, Roger; Shows, Thomas B.

doi:10.1172/jci112357

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The probe was nick translated in the presence of a mixture of four a-32P-labeled deoxynucleoside triphosphates (3,000 Ci/mmol; Amersham) to a specific activity of 3 x 108 cpm/4xg. Filters were hybridized and washed at 65°C as previously described (40 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoid and developmental regulation of amylase mRNAs in mouse liver cells.

et al. 1988

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We characterized alpha-amylase expression in the hepatoma cell line Hepa 1-6 and in normal mouse liver. Both Amy-1 and Amy-2 were expressed in Hepa 1-6 and were regulated by glucocorticoids. Transcription in the hepatoma cells was initiated at the same start sites as in mouse tissues. Glucocorticoid treatment increased the abundance of Amy-1 and Amy-2 transcripts by 10 to 20-fold. This increase was detected within 4 h and was maximal by 24 h. The pattern of amylase expression in this hepatoma cell line accurately reflects amylase expression in the liver in vivo. During liver development, we observed a large increase in the abundance of Amy-1 transcripts just before birth, at a time when circulating glucocorticoids are also elevated. Adult mouse liver expressed Amy-1 and Amy-2 at levels comparable to those of fully induced hepatoma cells. Liver is thus a likely source of both amylase isozymes in mouse serum. These studies demonstrate that Amy-2 expression is not limited to the pancreas but also occurs at a low level in liver cells.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoid and developmental regulation of amylase mRNAs in mouse liver cells.

et al. 1988

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“…Probes for NPY, ACTB, and PPIA were generated by reverse transcription-PCR from RNA from SH-SY5Y cells. NPY probe was a 403-bp fragment, including nucleotides 5-407 of NPY cDNA (26). ACTB (actin ␤) probe was a 183-bp fragment, encompassing nucleotides 287-470 of the ACTB cDNA (27).…”

Section: Dna Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway by Retinoic Acid Is Required for Neural Differentiation of SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells

López‐Carballo¹,

Moreno²,

Masiá³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

270

200

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“…Microinjection into the male pronucleus was performed with Nomarski optics (10,25). After microinjection, the zygotes were incubated to the morula stage and then transferred to (BALB/cByJ x 129/SvJ)Fl host females (24 (47). Filters were hybridized with the 750-bp EcoRI-PstI fragment purified from pJB8 (see Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-specific and insulin-dependent expression of a pancreatic amylase gene in transgenic mice.

Osborn¹,

Rosenberg²,

Keller³

et al. 1987

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The regulatory properties of mouse pancreatic amylase genes include exclusive expression in the acinar cells of the pancreas and dependence on insulin and glucocorticoids for maximal expression. We have characterized a murine pancreatic amylase gene, Amy-2.2y, whose promoter sequence is 30% divergent from those of previously sequenced amylase genes. To localize sequences required for tissue-specific and hormone-dependent activation, we established two lines of transgenic mice. The first line contained a single copy of the complete Amy-2.2y gene as well as 9 kilobases of 5'-flanking sequence and 5 kilobases of 3'-flanking sequence. The second line carried a minigene which included 208 base pairs of 5'-flanking sequence and 300 base pairs of 3'-flanking sequence. In both lines the transgene was expressed at high levels exclusively in the pancreas. Both constructs were dependent on insulin and induced by dexamethasone. Thus, the transferred genes contained the sequences required for tissue-specific and hormonally regulated expression.Pancreatic amylase (Amy-2) genes are members of a multigene cluster which also includes the genes for salivary amylase (Amy-i). Although the coding regions of Amy-i and Amy-2 are 90% homologous (21), the promoters associated with each type of gene are dissimilar. Amy-i can be transcribed from two distinct promoters: a strong, parotidspecific promoter located 7 kilobases (kb) upstream of the first coding exon, and a weaker promoter active in liver (52). Each Amy-2 gene, in contrast, is associated with a single promoter adjacent to the structural gene.Amy-2 expression is restricted to the exocrine pancreas, where amylase accounts for 15 to 25% of protein synthesis and mRNA concentration (8, 44). Pancreatic amylase genes have been shown to be hormonally regulated in vivo by insulin and by glucocorticoids. Production of pancreatic amylase is reduced in human diabetic patients (11), and amylase mRNA is greatly reduced in diabetic rats and mice (14,29). Administration of insulin restores amylase expression in these diabetic animals. Induction of pancreatic amylase by glucocorticoids has been demonstrated in neonatal mice (48) and in cultured cells (13,31).Recent studies have identified gene regions which appear to be required for pancreas-specific gene expression. identified a conserved sequence element upstream of five genes which are expressed specifically in the exocrine pancreas. Deletion of this element resulted in loss of pancreatic cell specificity in transfection assays (9). This sequence is therefore a likely candidate for mediation of pancreasspecific expression in vivo.

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Genes encoding pancreatic polypeptide and neuropeptide Y are on human chromosomes 17 and 7.

Cited by 48 publications

References 19 publications

Glucocorticoid and developmental regulation of amylase mRNAs in mouse liver cells.

Glucocorticoid and developmental regulation of amylase mRNAs in mouse liver cells.

Activation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway by Retinoic Acid Is Required for Neural Differentiation of SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells

Tissue-specific and insulin-dependent expression of a pancreatic amylase gene in transgenic mice.

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