Genes of the bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus associated with transition from pasture to parasitism

Strübe, Christina; Buschbaum, Sandra; Schnieder, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.04.004

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Gene transcriptional analysis revealed that leg-1 is almost exclusively transcribed after transition from free-living lungworm stages to parasitic stages inside the host, which was confirmed by expression analysis. These findings enhance the presumption that this enzyme is involved in typical purposes of parasitic lifestyle such as feeding as proposed by Strube et al (2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Potentially essential proteins already expressed in preadult parasitic stages appear as promising vaccine targets since even early damage of the host might be avoided. In D. viviparus , transcription of legumains is upregulated in preadult parasitic compared to free-living pasture stages, leading to the assumption that they are probably essential for the parasite's adaptation to the cattle host (Strube et al 2012). Legumains (also known as asparaginyl endopeptidases) are Clan CD cysteine proteases of the C13 superfamily (Chen et al 1997; Caffrey et al 2000), firstly discovered in plants (Kembhavi et al 1993) and trematodes of the genus Schistosoma (Dalton et al 1995; Sajid et al 2003; Krautz-Peterson and Skelly, 2008), before being described in vertebrates (Chen et al 1997; Yamane et al 2002) or the nematode Haemonchus contortus (Oliver et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological function of Dictyocaulus viviparus asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 and its suitability as a vaccine target

et al. 2017

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The present study characterized the biological function of the asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 (LEG-1) of the bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus and its suitability as a recombinant vaccine against dictyocaulosis. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblot analysis revealed LEG-1 to be almost exclusively transcribed and expressed in parasitic lungworm stages. Immunohistochemistry localized the enzyme in the parasite's gut, which was confirmed by immunoblots detecting LEG-1 in the gut as well as male testes. LEG-1 was recombinantly (rLEG-1) expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris and subsequently analysed in activity assays for its enzyme functions and substrate specificity. For sufficient functionality, rLEG-1 needed trans-activation through D. viviparus cathepsin L-2, indicating a novel mechanism of legumain activation. After trans-activation, rLEG-1 worked best at pH 5·5 and 35-39 °C and cleaved a legumain-specific artificial substrate as well as the natural substrates bovine collagen types I and II. In a clinical vaccination trial, rLEG-1 did not protect against challenge infection. Results of in vitro characterization, transcription pattern and localization enhance the presumption that LEG-1 participates in digestion processes of D. viviparus. Since rLEG-1 needs trans-activation through a cathepsin, it is probably involved in an enzyme cascade and therefore remains interesting as a candidate in a multi-component vaccine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological function of Dictyocaulus viviparus asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 and its suitability as a vaccine target

et al. 2017

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“…Some 65 D. viviparus proteins were predicted to contain one or more CAP domains, and 17 of these contained predicted secretion signals. SCP/TAPS proteins were abundantly represented in previous studies of D. viviparus and other strongylids 17 21 22 . These proteins often have extracellular endocrine or paracrine functions 37 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In the present study, we characterize the draft genome, population variome and developmentally-staged transcriptome of D. viviparus in order to substantially improve our understanding of this pathogen at the molecular level across all defined life cycle stages and its relationship with the bovine host. The Hannover Dv2000 field isolate, a temperate strain from Northern Germany, was selected for this investigation because it has been the subject of previous recombinant vaccine 14 and gene expression studies 15 16 17 , serves as the basis for the lungworm-MSP-ELISA diagnostic assay 18 19 , and (unlike the strain used for producing live vaccine) is capable of undergoing hypobiosis. This is the first comprehensive “omic” study of an economically important nematode parasite of the respiratory system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dictyocaulus viviparus genome, variome and transcriptome elucidate lungworm biology and support future intervention

McNulty

Strübe

Rosa

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The bovine lungworm, Dictyocaulus viviparus (order Strongylida), is an important parasite of livestock that causes substantial economic and production losses worldwide. Here we report the draft genome, variome, and developmental transcriptome of D. viviparus. The genome (161 Mb) is smaller than those of related bursate nematodes and encodes fewer proteins (14,171 total). In the first genome-wide assessment of genomic variation in any parasitic nematode, we found a high degree of sequence variability in proteins predicted to be involved host-parasite interactions. Next, we used extensive RNA sequence data to track gene transcription across the life cycle of D. viviparus, and identified genes that might be important in nematode development and parasitism. Finally, we predicted genes that could be vital in host-parasite interactions, genes that could serve as drug targets, and putative RNAi effectors with a view to developing functional genomic tools. This extensive, well-curated dataset should provide a basis for developing new anthelmintics, vaccines, and improved diagnostic tests and serve as a platform for future investigations of drug resistance and epidemiology of the bovine lungworm and related nematodes.

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“…Thus far, using RNA-seq, transcriptomic analyses of life stages and/or sexes of D. viviparus have been conducted (Cantacessi et al, 2011a; Strube et al, 2012), but there have been no comparative analyses between closely related species such as D. viviparus and D. filaria . In the present study, we characterized the transcriptome of the adult stage of D. filaria and qualitatively compared it with that of D. viviparus , focusing on highly transcribed key molecules inferred to be involved in parasite-host interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the transcriptome of adult Dictyocaulus filaria and comparison with Dictyocaulus viviparus, with a focus on molecules involved in host–parasite interactions

Mangiola

Young

Sternberg

et al. 2014

International Journal for Parasitology

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Parasitic nematodes cause diseases of major economic importance in animals. Key representatives are species of Dictyocaulus (= lungworms), which cause bronchitis (= dictyocaulosis, commonly known as “husk”) and have a major adverse impact on the health of livestock. In spite of their economic importance, very little is known about the immunomolecular biology of these parasites. Here, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of the adult transcriptome of Dictyocaulus filaria of small ruminants and compared it with that of Dictyocaulus viviparus of bovids. We then identified a subset of highly transcribed molecules inferred to be linked to host-parasite interactions, including cathepsin B peptidases, fatty-acid and/or retinol-binding proteins, β-galactoside-binding galectins, secreted protein 6 precursors, macrophage migration inhibitory factors, glutathione peroxidases, a transthyretin-like protein and a type 2-like cystatin. We then studied homologs of D. filaria type 2-like cystatin encoded in D. viviparus and 24 other nematodes representing seven distinct taxonomic orders, with a particular focus on their proposed role in immunomodulation and/or metabolism. Taken together, the present study provides new insights into nematode-host interactions. The findings lay the foundation for future experimental studies and could have implications for designing new interventions against lungworms and other parasitic nematodes. The future characterization of the genomes of Dictyocaulus spp. should underpin these endeavors.

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Genes of the bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus associated with transition from pasture to parasitism

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Biological function of Dictyocaulus viviparus asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 and its suitability as a vaccine target

Biological function of Dictyocaulus viviparus asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 and its suitability as a vaccine target

Dictyocaulus viviparus genome, variome and transcriptome elucidate lungworm biology and support future intervention

Analysis of the transcriptome of adult Dictyocaulus filaria and comparison with Dictyocaulus viviparus, with a focus on molecules involved in host–parasite interactions

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