Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations

Tambets, Kristiina; Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Hudjashov, Georgi; Ilumäe, Anne-Mai; Rootsi, Siiri; Honkola, Terhi; Vesakoski, Outi; Atkinson, Quentin D.; Skoglund, Pontus; Kushniarevich, Alena; Litvinov, Sergey; Reidla, Maere; Metspalu, Ene; Saag, Lehti; Rantanen, Timo; Karmin, Monika; Parik, Jüri; Zhadanov, Sergey I.; Gubina, Marina; Дамба, Л. Д.; Bermisheva, Marina; Reisberg, Tuuli; Dibirova, Khadizhat; Evseeva, Irina; Nelis, Mari; Kloviņš, Jānis; Metspalu, Andres; Esko, Tõnu; Balanovsky, Oleg; Balanovska, Elena; Khusnutdinova, Elza; Osipova, Ludmila P.; Воевода, М. И.; Villems, Richard; Kivisild, Toomas; Metspalu, Mait

doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1522-1

Cited by 88 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Uralic speaking populations are characterized by a high frequency of Y-Hg N, which have often been interpreted as a genetic signal of shared ancestry. Indeed, recently a distinct shared ancestry component of likely Siberian origin was identified at the genomic level in these populations, modern Hungarians being a puzzling exception 36 . The Conqueror elite had a significant proportion of N Hgs, 7% of them carrying N1a1a1a1a4-M2118 and 10% N1a1a1a1a2-Z1936, both of which are present in Ugric speaking Khantys and Mansis 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin

Neparáczki

Maróti²,

Kalmár³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian nomadic groups arrived into the Carpathian Basin from the Eurasian Steppes and significantly influenced its political and ethnical landscape. In order to shed light on the genetic affinity of above groups we have determined Y chromosomal haplogroups and autosomal loci, from 49 individuals, supposed to represent military leaders. Haplogroups from the Hun-age are consistent with Xiongnu ancestry of European Huns. Most of the Avar-age individuals carry east Eurasian Y haplogroups typical for modern north-eastern Siberian and Buryat populations and their autosomal loci indicate mostly unmixed Asian characteristics. In contrast the conquering Hungarians seem to be a recently assembled population incorporating pure European, Asian and admixed components. Their heterogeneous paternal and maternal lineages indicate similar phylogeographic origin of males and females, derived from Central-Inner Asian and European Pontic Steppe sources. Composition of conquering Hungarian paternal lineages is very similar to that of Baskhirs, supporting historical sources that report identity of the two groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin

Neparáczki

Maróti²,

Kalmár³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Genome-wide variants were called with the ANGSD software 76 command --doHaploCall, sampling a random base for the positions that are present in the EBC-chipDB [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] .…”

Section: Genome-wide Variant Callingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EBC-chipDB [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] 33 and Järve et al 2019 57 were used as the ancient DNA background. The full genome sequencing data of the aDNA background dataset 27,32,97,30,33,57 in the form of FASTQ files was called as described in the Variant calling section.…”

Section: Preparing the Datasets For Autosomal Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic ancestry changes in Stone to Bronze Age transition in the East European plain

Saag

Vasilyev

Varul

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractTransition from the Stone to the Bronze Age in Central and Western Europe was a period of major population movements originating from the Ponto-Caspian Steppe. Here, we report new genome-wide sequence data from 28 individuals from the territory north of this source area – from the under-studied Western part of present-day Russia, including Stone Age hunter-gatherers (10,800–4,250 cal BC) and Bronze Age farmers from the Corded Ware complex called Fatyanovo Culture (2,900–2,050 cal BC). We show that Eastern hunter-gatherer ancestry was present in Northwestern Russia already from around 10,000 BC. Furthermore, we see a clear change in ancestry with the arrival of farming – the Fatyanovo Culture individuals were genetically similar to other Corded Ware cultures, carrying a mixture of Steppe and European early farmer ancestry and thus likely originating from a fast migration towards the northeast from somewhere in the vicinity of modern-day Ukraine, which is the closest area where these ancestries coexisted from around 3,000 BC.

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“…The first archaic mtDNA analyses also supported this finding (Tömöry et al 2007). Tambets et al (2018) studied the autosomal genetic variation of Uralic-speaking populations and found that the recent gene pool of Hungarians did not form genetic clusters with other Uralic speakers but instead grouped with a wide range of geographically adjacent samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian paternal lineages of the conquering Hungarian tribes

Fóthi

Gonzalez

Fehér³

et al. 2020

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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According to historical sources, ancient Hungarians were made up of seven allied tribes and the fragmented tribes that split off from the Khazars, and they arrived from the Eastern European steppes to conquer the Carpathian Basin at the end of the ninth century AD. Differentiating between the tribes is not possible based on archaeology or history, because the Hungarian Conqueror artifacts show uniformity in attire, weaponry, and warcraft. We used Y-STR and SNP analyses on male Hungarian Conqueror remains to determine the genetic source, composition of tribes, and kin of ancient Hungarians. The 19 male individuals paternally belong to 16 independent haplotypes and 7 haplogroups (C2, G2a, I2, J1, N3a, R1a, and R1b). The presence of the N3a haplogroup is interesting because it rarely appears among modern Hungarians (unlike in other Finno-Ugric-speaking peoples) but was found in 37.5% of the Hungarian Conquerors. This suggests that a part of the ancient Hungarians was of Ugric descent and that a significant portion spoke Hungarian. We compared our results with public databases and discovered that the Hungarian Conquerors originated from three distant territories of the Eurasian steppes, where different ethnicities joined them: Lake Baikal-Altai Mountains (Huns/Turkic peoples), Western Siberia-Southern Urals (Finno-Ugric peoples), and the Black Sea-Northern Caucasus (Caucasian and Eastern European peoples). As such, the ancient Hungarians conquered their homeland as an alliance of tribes, and they were the genetic relatives of Asiatic Huns, Finno-Ugric peoples, Caucasian peoples, and Slavs from the Eastern European steppes.

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Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations

Cited by 88 publications

References 74 publications

Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin

Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian period nomadic people of the Carpathian Basin

Genetic ancestry changes in Stone to Bronze Age transition in the East European plain

Genetic analysis of male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian paternal lineages of the conquering Hungarian tribes

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