Génèse des débits dans les petits bassins versants ruraux en milieu tempéré: 1 - Processus et facteurs

Ambroise, Bruno

doi:10.7202/705317ar

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This was particularly well observed on the upstream parts of the watersheds. For common floods, the question of the origin of the flow remains open (Ambroise, 1998). It seems clear that in the present case, the flood is mainly due to fast-responding hydrological processes: surface runoff or possibly subsurface transfers over a short distance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological analysis of the river Aude, France, flash flood on 12 and 13 November 1999

Gaumé

Livet

Desbordes

et al. 2004

Journal of Hydrology

223

144

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological analysis of the river Aude, France, flash flood on 12 and 13 November 1999

Gaumé

Livet

Desbordes

et al. 2004

Journal of Hydrology

223

144

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“…Although Cappus (1960) was the first to explain this kind of hydrologic functioning (widespread in template climates), we will call it ''Hewlettian'' runoff. It has also been thoroughly described by Dunne and Black (1970), and well studied by Ambroise (1999) in the Vosges mountains (France).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Investigating the spatial and temporal boundaries of Hortonian and Hewlettian runoff in Northern Mexico

Descroix

Viramontes

Estrada

et al. 2007

Journal of Hydrology

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International audienceSoil surface features strongly determine whether rain water will infiltrate or runoff. This results in a segregation between several kinds of hydrological functioning of hillslopes and catchments. Using a deterministic model, it is attempted to define the spatial and temporal boundaries of Hortonian (infiltration excess runoff) and Hewlettian (saturation excess overland flow) hydrological behaviour. The model allows to calculate the role of the antecedent precipitation index and the soil water holding capacity in the runoff yield. These factors depend on soil hydrodynamic properties. In Northern Mexico, data collected in four experimental networks are used: one in the sub-humid Western Sierra Madre, one in its semi-arid foothill, one in the centre of the endoreic Bolson de Mapimi (the southern part of Chihuahuan desert) and the last one on the southern edge of the latter, in a limestone range. There is a regional distribution of these parameters because of rainfall distribution and overall because of the whole ecological context. The value of α parameter (which determines the depletion time of soil water content) and the proportion of bare soils are the most important explaining factors of geographical segregation between Hortonian and Hewlettian contexts. This study determines that the Western Sierra Madre, with its temperate climate, is mostly characterized by a Hewlettian hydrology, despite an increase in Hortonian behaviour due particularly to land degradation. Inversely, as it is well known, Hortonian runoff dominates completely the semi-arid and arid areas; however in certain circumstances, saturation excess overland flow can appear due to landscape or local roughness, and local or temporal possibility to infiltrate a great proportion of rainwater, i.e. during low intensity–large duration events (hurricanes crossing the mountains, winter rainy events linked to El Niño Southern Oscillation configuration)

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“…Ainsi, la plupart des acquis des approches systémique et dynamique des fonctionnements hydrologiques mentionnés dans la première partie (AMBROISE, 1998a) se retrouvent dans les différents types de modèle. Le choix entre ces types, puis entre les modèles d'un même type, dépend de l'objectif et des moyens disponibles, et passe par l'analyse et la comparaison de leurs domaines de validité et d'application.…”

Section: Conclusion : Choix Et Usageunclassified

“…Elle avait été initiée à la demande du Départe-ment de Science du Sol de PINRA (AMBROISE, 1991), et a été par ailleurs détaillée et développée pour un Programme TEMPUS Roumanie-UE (AMBROISE, 1998b …”

Section: Remerciementsunclassified

“…La première partie de cette synthèse (AMBROISE, 1998a) s'est attachée à pré-senter l'état des connaissances sur le fonctionnement hydrologique des petits bassins versants, et notamment sur la genèse des débits ; et à montrer que la complexité et la diversité des fonctionnements observés peuvent s'analyser et s'interpréter à l'aide de « clés de lecture » relativement simples, issues d'une approche systémique et dynamique.…”

Section: -Introductionunclassified

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Génèse des débits dans les petits bassins versants ruraux en milieu tempéré : 2 - Modélisation systémique et dynamique

Ambroise¹

2005

rseau

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SUMMARYThe second part of this review on streamflow génération analyses how the knowledge available from field studies (see Part 1) has been used since the 1960s or could be used to improve catchment modelling. After a présentation of the main mode! types, the various problems encountered during the modelling process are discussed.The large variety of hydrologie models available for event or continuous simulation can be reduced to a few main types according to the ways the functional, spatial and temporal aspects of the catchment behaviour are represented. Lumped "blackbox" models are useful for many engineering problems but can not be used in "extrapolation" and give no information on the internai catchment dynamics. Lumped conceptual models, which consider a catchment as a System of interconnected réservoirs and simulate the main global fluxes, use empirical lumped relationships and parameters that often hâve no great physical meaning and are not measurable. Semi-distributed conceptual models use the same réservoir description, but at the scale of "homogeneous" units derived from a space discrétisation, which allows one to take catchment structure explicitly into account. Physicaliy-based distributed models, which use theoretical équa-tions and measurable parameters, provide a dynamic explanation of catchment behaviour but require too much information and are too complex to be easily used at the catchment scale. Physico-conceptual semi-distributed models try to overcome the limits of the previous types, while keeping their advantages, by simplifying the dynamic approach and discrétisation using new concepts.Physically-based or conceptual models, which describe or explain the water cycle at the catchment scale, are very useful for research, but their use in prac- Correspondance : ambroise@geographie.u-strasbg.fr Partie 1 publiée dans Rev. Sci. Eau 11/4 (1998). Les commentaires seront reçus jusqu'au 30 septembre 1999.

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Génèse des débits dans les petits bassins versants ruraux en milieu tempéré: 1 - Processus et facteurs

Cited by 20 publications

References 39 publications

Hydrological analysis of the river Aude, France, flash flood on 12 and 13 November 1999

Hydrological analysis of the river Aude, France, flash flood on 12 and 13 November 1999

Investigating the spatial and temporal boundaries of Hortonian and Hewlettian runoff in Northern Mexico

Génèse des débits dans les petits bassins versants ruraux en milieu tempéré : 2 - Modélisation systémique et dynamique

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