Genesis of Jamaican Bauxite

Comer, John B.

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.69.8.1251

Cited by 72 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Most families are represented by a single species or genus, which contrasts to the situation in continental tropical rivers where there has been more time for speciation (Stout & vandermeer 1975, Lake et al1994. It is estimated that most of Jamaica was submerged or emerged only a few meters above sea level until the mid Miocene (Buskirk 1985) and that the uplifting of the Blue Mountains occurred five-ten mya (Comer 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal variation in the composition of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of a typical North coast Jamaican river.

Hyslop

Hunte-Brown

2012

RBT

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Benthic macroinvertebrate fauna plays a major role in river ecosystems, especially those of tropical islands. Since there is no information on the distribution of benthic invertebrates along a Jamaican river, we report here on the composition of the benthic fauna of the Buff Bay river, on the Northern coast of Jamaica. A total of 14 samples were collected from five sites, using kick nets and a Surber sampler, between May 1997 and October 1998. We also examined the applicability of the rhithron/potamon model, and some of the premises of the River Continuum Concept (RCC) in relation to the distribution of invertebrate taxa. The results showed a total of 38 taxa of identified invertebrates. A group of dominant taxa, composed mainly of immature stages of insects, occurred at all sites. Two notable characteristics of the river were the absence of a true potamonic fauna and the low representation of the shredder functional feeding group in the community We conclude that, while there was minor variation in the composition of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna among the sites, this was a response to local conditions within the river system. The characteristics of the community did not conform to either of the models. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (1): 291-303. Epub 2012 March 01.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal variation in the composition of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of a typical North coast Jamaican river.

Hyslop

Hunte-Brown

2012

RBT

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“…The source(s) of the groundwater NO,-have not been discriminated at Discovery Bay, but naturally high concentrations and flows of groundwater NO,-in Jamaica have almost certainly been increased by human influences, including deforestation, agriculturalindustrial development, and sewage contamination. P inputs to Discovery Bay reefs have also not been examined but would include sewage-contaminated groundwaters, atmospheric particulate P from bauxite (red dust from a nearby loading facility is visible throughout the study area) that contains 5-10% P (Comer 1974), and coastal rivers and streams that contribute fluvial P inputs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient thresholds for bottom‐up control of macroalgal blooms on coral reefs in Jamaica and southeast Florida

Lapointe

1997

Limnology & Oceanography

582

487

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During the past two decades coral reefs in the greater Caribbean area have been altered by phase shifts away from corals and toward macroalgae or algal turfs. This study tested the hypothesis that because the phase shift on reefs in Jamaica and southeast Florida involved frondose macroalgae, bottom-up control via nutrient enrichment must be a causal factor. The approach was multifaceted and included measurement of near-bottom nutrient concentrations, salinity, nutrient enrichment bioassays, alkaline phosphatase assays, tissue C : N : P ratios, and tissue 15N : 14N (6"N) ratios. In both locations, concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) exceeded nutrient thresholds (-1 .O PM DIN, 0.1 PM SRP) noted to sustain macroalgal blooms on Caribbean coral reefs. High seawater DIN : SRP ratios, alkaline phosphatase activity, and tissue C : P and N : P ratios of macroalgae on the carbonate-rich Jamaican reef suggested SRP limitation of productivity compared to lower values of these variables on siliciclastic reefs in Florida that suggested DIN limitation. This pattern was corroborated experimentally when SRP enrichment increased P,,,, (photosynthetic capacity at light saturation) of the chlorophyte Chaetomorpha Zinum in Jamaica compared to DIN enrichment that increased (x (the photosynthetic efficiency under low irradiance) of the deeper growing chlorophyte Codium isthmocladum in southeast Florida. Increased DIN concentrations were associated with reduced salinity on both reefs, indicating submarine groundwatcr discharge was a significant source of DIN. Elevated S15N values of C. isthmocladum tissue further pointed to wastewater DIN as a source of nitrogen contributing to the blooms in southeast Florida.

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“…The widely accepted explanation of the origin of the bauxite is that of Comer (1974), who proposed that it formed from deposits of successive late Miocene volcanic ashfall deposits. Recently, the Ocean Drilling Program (Leg 165) has provided direct evidence for Miocene ashfalls in the Caribbean Sea.…”

Section: Environmental Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limestones contain <0.2% insoluble residue (Comer, 1974). For the whole island of Jamaica a geochemical survey showed that the mean soil Cd content was 19.9 mg/kg (range 0.2-409 mg/kg; 173 samples) (Lalor, 1995;Johnson et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium and zinc adsorption maxima of geochemically anomalous soils (Oxisols) in Jamaica

Davies

Vaughan

Lalor

et al. 2003

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Genesis of Jamaican Bauxite

Cited by 72 publications

References 0 publications

Longitudinal variation in the composition of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of a typical North coast Jamaican river.

Longitudinal variation in the composition of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of a typical North coast Jamaican river.

Nutrient thresholds for bottom‐up control of macroalgal blooms on coral reefs in Jamaica and southeast Florida

Cadmium and zinc adsorption maxima of geochemically anomalous soils (Oxisols) in Jamaica

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