2016
DOI: 10.1155/2016/2684098
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Genetic Ablation of Soluble TNF Does Not Affect Lesion Size and Functional Recovery after Moderate Spinal Cord Injury in Mice

Abstract: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is followed by an instant increase in expression of the microglial-derived proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) within the lesioned cord. TNF exists both as membrane-anchored TNF (mTNF) and as cleaved soluble TNF (solTNF). We previously demonstrated that epidural administration of a dominant-negative inhibitor of solTNF, XPro1595, to the contused spinal cord resulted in changes in Iba1 protein expression in microglia/macrophages, decreased lesion volume, and i… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…TNF mainly exists in two biologically active forms, a membraneanchored form (mTNF) and a soluble form (solTNF), and the biological effects of them are mediated through binding of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 (Probert, 2015). However, the role of TNF in SCI are controversial (Ellman et al, 2016). G.M.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…TNF mainly exists in two biologically active forms, a membraneanchored form (mTNF) and a soluble form (solTNF), and the biological effects of them are mediated through binding of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 (Probert, 2015). However, the role of TNF in SCI are controversial (Ellman et al, 2016). G.M.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, genetic ablation of sTNF did not reduce lesion size and improve functional recovery after moderate SCI in mice (Ellman et al, 2016). In contrast, epidural administration of XPro1595 to the contused spinal cord decreased anxiety-related behavior, and reduced neuronal damage at the site of injury resulting in improved locomotor function, whereas central administration of the non-selective anti-TNF drug etanercept had no therapeutic effects (Novrup et al, 2014).…”
Section: Selective Neutralization Of Stnf By Dominant-negative Tnf Mumentioning
confidence: 97%
“…DNA was extracted from biopsies from 3-4 weeks old mice as previously described [13,20]. Genotyping was performed using PCR and the following primers for LysM Cre Tnf fl/fl and Tnf fl/fl mice: LysM1 (5 -CTTGGGCTGCCAGAATTTCTC), LysM2 (5 -TTACAGTCGGCCAGGCTGAC), Cre8 (5 -CCCAGAAATGCCAGATTACG), TNF KO41 (5 -TGAGTCTGTCTTAACTAACC), and TNF KO42 (5 CCCTTCATTCTCAAGGCACA) [19,20].…”
Section: Genotypingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the data are conflicting with one study demonstrating that TNFR1 deficient mice display decreased lesion size and improved motor function [6] and another demonstrating increased lesion size and worse functional outcome [7]. Surprisingly, germ-line ablation of TNF in Tnf −/− mice [12] and genetic ablation of tmTNF in mTNF ∆/∆ mice [13] did not affect lesion size and functional outcome after SCI. Despite this, anti-TNF treatment in SCI has shown promising results [14][15][16][17][18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%