Genetic Algorithm for Embodied Energy Optimisation of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams

Whitworth, Alex H.; Tsavdaridis, Konstantinos Daniel

doi:10.3390/su12083102

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The concept of a stress amplitude-fatigue frequency curve was first proposed by August Wohler [14]. The standard was utilized to categorize the various fatigue strengths of welded joints, and the subsequent fatigue design comprises keeping the nominal stress amplitude of the structure within an appropriate range [15]. Keeping the stress amplitude below the point where microcracks can propagate is the key to successfully imposing a stress threshold.. Because of its exceptional performance and convenient construction, the steel-concrete composite structure is frequently used in the construction of bridges [16].…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue determination of the kenaf/PLA composite structure using fatigue specimen (ASTM D7791): a computational analysis

Abbu

Hashim

Albegmprli

et al. 2023

EEJET

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In this investigation, a kenaf/PLA composite specimen was subjected to the fatigue load, and the results were analyzed numerically. Some of the most significant fatigue tool aspects that were looked into were life expectancy, damage, alternative stress, and biaxiality indication. The static structural tool was utilized in order to predict the numerical analysis, and the calculations were performed with the GoodMan theory of fatigue. The loading was completely reversed so that it was equal to 30 kN. When it was discovered that the system could continue to function even after 1e6 cycles had been completed. After applying the alternative load of 30 kN, the biaxiality indication was found to be 0.425, with a minimum value of 0.9. It has been determined how much damage has occurred. The minimum amount of cycles necessary to reach the maximum damage potential is 1000, while the maximum amount of cycles necessary to reach the maximum damage potential is 1.7662·106. It has been established that there is another stress that is comparable to this one. Based on the findings of the investigation, it was determined that the fillet regions of the specimen were subjected to a maximum alternative stress of 716.4 MPa. The alternative stress cannot drop below 31.276 MPa under any circumstances. It has been determined that 106cycles have been spent living in total by the calculation. It has been found out that there is not going to be any damage regardless of the number of cycles that pass due to the fact that that number is 1. It was found that the alternative stress could reach a maximum value of 716.4 MPa, so that was the value that was used for the alternative stress

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Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue determination of the kenaf/PLA composite structure using fatigue specimen (ASTM D7791): a computational analysis

Abbu

Hashim

Albegmprli

et al. 2023

EEJET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the papers presented above, other studies have addressed the issue of optimizing energy cost (or energy consumption) through genetic algorithms. Pillai et al [25] present a method to reduce power consumption in a multi-processor system. Here, task planning (program sequences) must be performed, to keep processors at the point of operation that involves the lowest power consumption for as long as possible.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the Cost of Electricity by Optimizing Real-Time Consumer Planning Using a New Genetic Algorithm-Based Strategy

et al. 2020

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To ensure the use of energy produced from renewable energy sources, this paper presents a method for consumer planning in the consumer–producer–distributor structure. The proposed planning method is based on the genetic algorithm approach, which solves a cost minimization problem by considering several input parameters. These input parameters are: the consumption for each unit, the time interval in which the unit operates, the maximum value of the electricity produced from renewable sources, and the distribution of energy production per unit of time. A consumer can use the equipment without any planning, in which case he will consume energy supplied by a distributor or energy produced from renewable sources, if it is available at the time he operates the equipment. A consumer who plans his operating interval can use more energy from renewable sources, because the planning is done in the time interval in which the energy produced from renewable sources is available. The effect is that the total cost of energy to the consumer without any planning will be higher than the cost of energy to the consumer with planning, because the energy produced from renewable sources is cheaper than that provided from conventional sources. To be validated, the proposed approach was run on a simulator, and then tested in two real-world case studies targeting domestic and industrial consumers. In both situations, the solution proposed led to a reduction in the total cost of electricity of up to 25%.

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“…In this context, a concept that has been studied is embodied energy in materials of buildings [1]. In Whitworth and Tsavdaridis [2,3], optimization studies were presented in Steel-Concrete composite beams with the objective of presenting sustainable structural designs by minimizing the embodied energy. The study showed that it is possible to reduce the embodied energy of these structural systems, considering the design recommendations of Eurocode 4 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel-Concrete Composite Beams with Precast Hollow-Core Slabs: A Sustainable Solution

et al. 2021

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Industrialization of construction makes building operation more environmental friendly and sustainable. This change is necessary as it is an industry that demands large consumption of water and energy, as well as being responsible for the disposal of a high volume of waste. However, the transformation of the construction sector is a big challenge worldwide. It is also well known that the largest proportion of the material used in multistory buildings, and thus its carbon impact, is attributed to their slabs being the main contributor of weight. Steel–concrete-composite beams with precast hollow-core slabs (PCHCSs) were developed due to their technical and economic benefits, owing to their high strength and concrete self-weight reduction, making this system economical and with lower environmental footprint, thus reducing carbon emissions. Significant research has been carried out on deep hollow-core slabs due to the need to overcome larger spans that resist high loads. The publication SCI P401, in accordance with Eurocode 4, is however limited to hollow-core slabs with depths from 150 to 250 mm, with or without a concrete topping. This paper aims to investigate hollow-core slabs with a concrete topping to understand their effect on the flexural behavior of steel–concrete-composite beams, considering the hollow-core-slab depth is greater than the SCI P401 recommendation. Consequently, 150 mm and 265 mm hollow-core units with a concrete topping were considered to assess the increase of the hollow core unit depth. A comprehensive computational parametric study was conducted by varying the in situ infill concrete strength, the transverse reinforcement rate, the shear connector spacing, and the cross-section of steel. Both full and partial interaction models were examined, and in some cases similar resistances were obtained, meaning that the same strength can be obtained for a smaller number of shear studs, i.e., less energy consumption, thus a reduction in the embodied energy. The calculation procedure, according to Eurocode 4 was in favor of safety for the partial-interaction hypothesis.

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Genetic Algorithm for Embodied Energy Optimisation of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Fatigue determination of the kenaf/PLA composite structure using fatigue specimen (ASTM D7791): a computational analysis

Fatigue determination of the kenaf/PLA composite structure using fatigue specimen (ASTM D7791): a computational analysis

Reducing the Cost of Electricity by Optimizing Real-Time Consumer Planning Using a New Genetic Algorithm-Based Strategy

Steel-Concrete Composite Beams with Precast Hollow-Core Slabs: A Sustainable Solution

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