Genetic algorithm parallel optimization of a new high mass resolution planar electrostatic ion trap mass analyzer

Abstract

The study and design of high-resolution mass analyzer is a very important task in mass spectrometry. Planar electrostatic ion trap (PEIT) mass analyzer with image charge detection and FT-based data...

Genetic Algorithm Optimized Printed Circuit Board Ion Funnel Tandem Subambient Pressure Ionization with Nanoelectrospray (SPIN) for High Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry

“…Every individual is simulated by every group of ions and evaluated by calculation of the fitness. The GA minimized the fitness 28 and increased the TE through successive rounds of breeding. In Figure 2, m and p indicate the population size and individual index, respectively.…”

“…Automatic Optimization with a GA. A GA can be used to solve ion optics problems in mass spectrometry. 31 Detailed GA principles were described in our previous article, 28 so a brief introduction is presented in the Supporting Information. One GA flowchart for CP optimization of a PCBIF is shown in Figure 2.…”

“…25,26 Sysoev reports on the optimization of a time-of-flight mass analyzer with seven electrodes using a GA. 27 We have used the GA to parallelly optimize a planar electrostatic ion trap mass analyzer with four electrode variables, resulting in the highest mass resolution. 28 Therefore, the GA has great value in parameter optimization of a multivariable system and should be explored for optimizing ion transmission in IF. A printed circuit board ion funnel (PCBIF) 19 can greatly simplify the construction process, reducing capacitance and cost, 29 and thus has been used in commercial (6490 series triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, Agilent) or custom-designed mass spectrometers; therefore, in this paper, a GA-optimized PCBIF was designed, fabricated, preliminarily evaluated, and integrated into the SPIN interface to address the ion loss that can occur when a mass spectrometer transfers ions at subambient pressure.…”

“…A GA was proven to be relatively effective in processing with search issues to find extreme values, which saves tedious tuning time. , Sysoev reports on the optimization of a time-of-flight mass analyzer with seven electrodes using a GA . We have used the GA to parallelly optimize a planar electrostatic ion trap mass analyzer with four electrode variables, resulting in the highest mass resolution . Therefore, the GA has great value in parameter optimization of a multivariable system and should be explored for optimizing ion transmission in IF.…”

Ion Optical Optimization Method for an Ultrahigh Resolution Planar Multireflection Time-of-Flight Mass Analyzer Using the Hill Climbing Algorithm

“…Furthermore, the optimization heavily depends on previous ion optical models. In recent years, evolutionary algorithms, such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm algorithm, have been increasingly employed for optimization in numerical simulations. , Specifically, genetic algorithm has been applied to optimize the four voltages of the planar electrostatic ion trap mass analyzer and a mass resolving power of 171k was achieved . However, it is worth noting that evolutionary algorithms often face challenges related to slow convergence speed and limited accuracy.…”