“…A wide variety of meta-heuristic algorithms emerge. At present, the main metaheuristic algorithms for this problem are: genetic algorithm(GA) [2,3,4,5] immune algorithm(IA) [6,29], variable neighborhood search(VNS) [8], particle swarm optimization(PSO) [9,10,11,19], harmony search(HS) [12,13], ant colony optimization(ACO) [14], Tabu Search(TS) [15], imperialist competitive algorithm(ICA) [16],improved cuckoo search(ICS) algorithm [18] et al Recently, some researchers have proposed hybrid meta-heuristic algorithms by combining with two kinds of meta-heuristic methods to solve the reliability-redundancy allocation problem. Safaei et al [17] proposed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on simulated annealing (APSO).…”