Genetic alterations for increased coumarin production lead to metabolic changes in the medicinally important Pelargonium sidoides DC (Geraniaceae)

Colling, Janine; Groenewald, Jan-Hendrik; Makunga, Nokwanda P.

doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2010.08.001

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Genetic manipulation of the plant mitochondrial genome is not yet possible in plants, precluding any direct assessment of MatR function. In contrast, because nuclear transformation is possible in many plants, including Pelargonium (Colling et al 2010; Garcia-Sogo et al 2012), the nuclear location of matR in Pelargonium raises the possibility of genetic and transcriptional manipulation of this gene. Furthermore, the split nature of these nmatR genes enables the independent assessment of the functions of the RT and X domains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of aTrans-Splicingnad1Intron from Geraniaceae and Transfer of the Maturase GenematRto the Nucleus inPelargonium

2016

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The mitochondrial nad1 gene of seed plants has a complex structure, including four introns in cis or trans configurations and a maturase gene (matR) hosted within the final intron. In the geranium family (Geraniaceae), however, sequencing of representative species revealed that three of the four introns, including one in a trans configuration and another that hosts matR, were lost from the nad1 gene in their common ancestor. Despite the loss of the host intron, matR has been retained as a freestanding gene in most genera of the family, indicating that this maturase has additional functions beyond the splicing of its host intron. In the common ancestor of Pelargonium, matR was transferred to the nuclear genome, where it was split into two unlinked genes that encode either its reverse transcriptase or maturase domain. Both nuclear genes are transcribed and contain predicted mitochondrial targeting signals, suggesting that they express functional proteins that are imported into mitochondria. The nuclear localization and split domain structure of matR in the Pelargonium nuclear genome offers a unique opportunity to assess the function of these two domains using transgenic approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of aTrans-Splicingnad1Intron from Geraniaceae and Transfer of the Maturase GenematRto the Nucleus inPelargonium

2016

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“…The plant is adapted to a wide altitudinal range, spanning from near sea level in the Eastern Cape to 2746 m in the Lesotho highlands (Newton et al, 2013). The plant is widely used by local communities as a traditional medicine for curing various ailments, including diarrhoea, colic, gastritis, tuberculosis, cough, hepatic disorders, menstrual complaints and gonorrhoea (Brendler and van Wyk, 2008;Colling et al, 2010). The roots are also the main ingredient in a remedy used to treat a stomach ailment known as instila in infants (Hutchings et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal properties and conservation of Pelargonium sidoides DC.

Moyo

Staden

2014

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Pharmacological data reported in literature suggest that Pelargonium sidoides shows a beneficial effect in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. However, more studies are required to elucidate the mode of action of the active constituents exhibited in the treatment of respiratory tract infections and other health conditions caused by microbial attack. Furthermore, the pharmacological usefulness of Pelargonium sidoides must take cognisance of the broader context involving the need for conservation-friendly approaches in its utilisation. In this regard, plant biotechnology applications can play a meaningful role in a holistic conservation strategy.

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“…(Geraniaceae), a popular medicinal plant used in traditional medicine is widely distributed in South Africa and the Lesotho Highlands. P. sidoides is extensively used for curing various ailments, including diarrhoea, colic, gastritis, tuberculosis, cough, hepatic disorders, menstrual complaints and gonorrhoea (Brendler and van Wyk 2008;Colling et al 2010). Two phytopharmaceutical products, namely, EPs Ò 7630 (Umckaloabo Ò , Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG Pharmaceuticals, Germany) and Linctagon Ò (Nativa, South Africa) are produced from P. sidoides root extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic embryogenesis of Pelargonium sidoides DC.

Kumar

Moyo

Staden

2015

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Pelargonium sidoides is a high value medicinal plant endemic to South Africa and the Lesotho Highlands. Establishing an efficient regeneration system through somatic embryogenesis is necessary for its conservation. An efficient reproducible protocol for in vitro plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis of Pelargonium sidoides, an important medicinal plant, is reported for the first time. Embryogenic callus was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L -1 picloram, 0.5 mg L -1 thidiazuron and 20 mg L -1 glutamine. Different developmental stages of somatic embryos (SEs: globular embryos, heart shaped embryos, torpedo shaped embryos and cotyledon embryo with radicle) were directly obtained and further matured from embryogenic callus by subsequent subculture on the same medium. The highest frequency of somatic embryos (25.89 ± 1.50) was recovered after 6 weeks. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis revealed the presence of embryogenic cell clusters that formed cotyledonary embryos. Mature somatic embryos germinated and developed into plantlets after 4 weeks on half-strength MS medium. High plant regeneration frequency (94.4 %) was achieved on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L -1 gibberellic acid. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse with a survival rate of 90 %. The protocol developed would be helpful in reducing stress on natural habitats, provide a system for germplasm conservation, regeneration of large numbers of high value clonal plants for commercial production, the isolation of bioactive compounds and genetic transformational studies.

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Genetic alterations for increased coumarin production lead to metabolic changes in the medicinally important Pelargonium sidoides DC (Geraniaceae)

Cited by 44 publications

References 50 publications

Loss of aTrans-Splicingnad1Intron from Geraniaceae and Transfer of the Maturase GenematRto the Nucleus inPelargonium

Loss of aTrans-Splicingnad1Intron from Geraniaceae and Transfer of the Maturase GenematRto the Nucleus inPelargonium

Medicinal properties and conservation of Pelargonium sidoides DC.

Somatic embryogenesis of Pelargonium sidoides DC.

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