Genetic analyses of grey leaf spot infection of maize in a single location 12 × 12 diallel

Hohls, Trevor; Shanahan, Paul; Clarke, G. P. Y.; Gevers, H. O.

doi:10.1080/02571862.1995.10634352

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, some studies have also indicated dominant gene action to have a significant role in conferring resistance in some maize hybrids (Elwinger et al 1990;Coates and White 1998;Derera et al 2008;Vivek et al 2010). On the other hand, Hohls et al (1995) reported that resistance was conditioned by additive and complete dominance with minor epistasis in a diallel comprising maize lines from three divergent backgrounds in South Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genetic analysis and genotype × environment (G × E) for grey leaf spot disease resistance in elite African maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

et al. 2011

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Maize grey leaf spot (GLS) disease remains an important foliar disease in sub-Saharan Africa accounting for more than 25% yield losses in maize. Information on inheritance of GLS resistance of germplasm adapted to African environments is required in new sources being identified. Therefore, hybrids generated from a 10 9 10 half-diallel mating of tropical advanced maize inbred lines were evaluated in six environments to determine combining ability, genotype 9 environment interaction (G 9 E) and the impact of GLS disease on grain yield. General combining ability effects were highly significant and accounted for 72 and 68% of the variation for GLS resistance and grain yield, respectively. Significant specific combining ability effects associated with reduced disease levels were observed in some hybrids when one parent was resistant, and these may be exploited in developing single cross maize hybrids. Regression analysis showed a 260-320 kg ha -1 decrease in maize grain yield per each increase in GLS disease severity score, and significant associations (r = -0.31 to -0.60) were observed between grain yield and GLS severity scores. This showed the potential of GLS disease to reduce yield in susceptible varieties grown under favourable disease conditions, without control measures. Genotype and genotype 9 environment biplots and correlation analysis indicated that the significant G 9 E observed was not due to changes in hybrid ranking, implying absence of a significant crossover interaction. Therefore, predominance of additive gene effects imply that breeding progress for GLS disease resistance would be made through selection and this could be achieved at a few hot-spot sites, such as Baynesfield and Cedara locations in South Africa, and still deploy the resistant germplasm to other environments in which they are adapted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genetic analysis and genotype × environment (G × E) for grey leaf spot disease resistance in elite African maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

et al. 2011

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“…A literature survey did not find situations where specific combining ability (SCA) was larger than GCA variance. Resistance was controlled by five to six additive genes (Bubeck et al, 1993; Clements et al, 2000), dominance and epistatic gene action in some temperate (Coates and White, 1998; Clements et al, 2000) and South African germplasm (Hohls et al, 1995). Based on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, three quantitative trait loci located on chromosomes 1, 4, and 8 have been reported to have large effects and accounted for about 56, 14 and 11% of variance for GLS resistance, respectively (Saghai Maroof et al, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Despite its regional significance there is little published information about inheritance of GLS resistance in African germplasm. Some early genetic studies in South Africa (Gevers et al, 1994; Hohls et al, 1995) used materials that might not be adapted to the more tropical areas of the subcontinent. Moreover the mode of inheritance of GLS resistance in germplasm developed over the past decade has not been established.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gene Action Controlling Gray Leaf Spot Resistance in Southern African Maize Germplasm

et al. 2008

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Gray leaf spot disease (GLS; caused by Cercospora zeae‐maydis Tehon and Daniels) is among the major maize (Zea mays L.) production constraints in southern Africa. Maize is predominantly grown by small‐scale farmers without fungicides; hence, there is need to develop GLS resistant hybrids. There is limited information about the mode of inheritance for GLS resistance in regionally adapted germplasm. This study was initiated to determine gene action controlling GLS resistance. Seventy‐two hybrids were generated by mating 27 inbred lines in a North Carolina design II scheme. Experimental and check hybrids were evaluated in an 8 by 12 α‐lattice design with two replications at three locations, during the 2004–2005 season. There was significant variation among the hybrids for GLS resistance and yield. Inbreds L13, L15, L18, L19, and L24, from A, N3, B, K, and SC heterotic groups, respectively, contributed high levels of resistance to hybrids. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant (P < 0.01), but the predominance of GCA for GLS (86%) and yield (74%) indicated that additive effects were more important than nonadditive gene action in controlling both traits. Hybrids ranked similarly for GLS across environments, suggesting that few significant crossover genotype by environment interactions, which would cause problems in hybrid selection, were observed. Overall, results indicated that it would be readily possible to develop inbred lines with high GLS resistance from this germplasm.

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“…J. Plant Soil 1997, 14(4) Lake & Hohls, 1994, Hohls et al, 1995. However, no commercially available hybrids resistant to GLS have so far been released in South Africa, and chemical control methods are being used as an interim solution (Ward, Laing & Rijkenberg, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Susceptibility of maize hybrids to grey leaf spot under two tillage systems in South Africa

Ward¹,

Nowell²,

Laing

et al. 1997

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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Grey leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis Tehon and E.Y. Daniels) has seriously decreased the yields of maize in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and has been identified in neighbouring provinces and countries. Since no commercially grown hybrids have been identified to be resistant to the disease, a study was initiated to assess the susceptibility of hybrids to the pathogen. The objective of the study was to identify high-yielding hybrids that were least susceptible to grey leaf spot, and to identify hybrids best suited to stubble and conventionally ploughed tillage systems. Linear regression of relative yield against relative disease severity identified highyielding maize hybrids, including PAN 6480, that were least susceptible, SNK 2888, was tolerant, whilst PAN 6528 was most susceptible to disease. The susceptibility of hybrids to grey leaf spot was affected similarly by stubble and conventional tillage practices over the seasons of the study. In the 1993/94 season with adequate rainfall and favourable for the disease, there were no differences in the time to onset of disease, and there were no differences in yield between tillage practices. In spite of earlier onset of disease on stubble tillage in the dry season of 1992/93, unfavourable for disease, the yield of the stubble treatments was higher than conventional tillage. The results indicate that the beneficial practice of stubble tillage may be used in areas where grey leaf spot is epidemic in KwaZulu-Natal.Grys blaarvlek (GBV) van mielies het graanopbrengste in die provinsie van KwaZulu-Natal, Suid-Afrika, drasties verminder en is in buurprovinsies en lande ge"ldentifiseer. Aangesien geen kommersieel verboude basters getoon het om siektebestand te wees nie, is 'n studie onderneem om die vatbaarheid van basters vir die patogeen te bepaal. Die doel van die studie was om basters met 'n hoe opbrengs te identifiseer wat die minste vatbaar vir grys blaarvlek is, en om basters te identifiseer wat die meeste geskik is vir stoppel-en konvensionele ploegbewerkingsisteme. lineere regressie van relatiewe opbrengs teen relatiewe siketestrafheid het hoe-opbrengs mieliebasters gelewer, insluitende PAN 6480, wat die minste vatbaar was, SNK 2888, wat bestand was, en PAN 6528 wat mees vatbaar vir die siekte was. Die vatbaarheid van basters vir grys blaarvlek is soortgelyk deur stoppel-en konvensionele bewerkingspraktyke oor die seisoene van die studie be·invloed. Gedurende die 1993/94 seisoen met voldoende reen en wat gunstig vir die siekte was, was daar geen verskil in die tyd van aanvang van die siekte nie, en daar was geen verskille in opbrengs tussen bewerkingspraktyke nie. Ten spyte van die vroeere aanvang van die siekte met stoppelbewerking in die droe seisoen van 1992/93, (ongunstig vir die siekte), was die opbrengs van stoppelbehandelings hOEk as vir konvensionele bewerking. Die resultate toon aan dat die voordelige praktyk van stoppelbewerking in gebiede gebruik kan word waar grys blaarvlek epidemies in KwaZulu-Natal is.

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Genetic analyses of grey leaf spot infection of maize in a single location 12 × 12 diallel

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Genetic analysis and genotype × environment (G × E) for grey leaf spot disease resistance in elite African maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

Genetic analysis and genotype × environment (G × E) for grey leaf spot disease resistance in elite African maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

Gene Action Controlling Gray Leaf Spot Resistance in Southern African Maize Germplasm

Susceptibility of maize hybrids to grey leaf spot under two tillage systems in South Africa

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