Genetic analysis of in vitro plant tissue culture responses and regeneration capacities

Abstract

The in vitro development of a whole plant from a single cell (eg microspore or somatic cells) is a characteristic feature of plants . The amenability of a plant to in vitro culture is influenced by the genotype, which is thus of major importance in the plant tissue culture response . The differences observed between different cultivars during in vitro tissue culture with respect to embryogenesis and regeneration result from quantitative or qualitative genetic differences . We describe results obtained from quantitative genetic studies, from Mendelian genetic analysis and from gene mapping . It is less easy to study the influence of cytoplasmic genomes . Moreover, it is necessary to discriminate between maternal effects and cytoplasmic inheritance . A conclusion from this review is that the choice of parental strains for a breeding program should be realized on agronomic criteria rather than on compatibility with the tissue culture technique used . Fortunately, it is relatively easy to incorporate short-term tissue culture capacity into agronomically valuable genotypes . This is of major interest since tissue culture remains necessary for most aspects of crop plants biotechnology . Very little is known about the molecular events that trigger in vitro embryogenesis and regeneration . It is clear that genes involved in the tissue culture response are not specialised tissue culture genes' .

Análise da capacidade de enraizamento in vitro de Calophyllum brasiliense utilizando marcadores RAPD

“…Different varieties and plant genotypes may differ in their requirements for growth regulators, particularly auxin, in the culture medium . The genetic basis of responsiveness to in vitro culture relies on the genes involved in plant hormone metabolism (HENRY et al, 1994). This indicates that the performance of plant material during in vitro culture is related to its ability to respond to hormonal stimuli received at each stage of in vitro culture.…”

“…However, the high genetic variability of mother plants results in great variation of responses when their tissues are cultured in vitro and this amenability to in vitro culture is considered an inheritable trait (HENRY et al, 1994). In vitro responses can therefore be genotype-dependent, as in the case of flax (CHAKRAVARTY; SRIVASTAVA, 1997), cowpea (BRAR et al, 1999), sorghum (ARUSELVI; KRISHNAVENI, 2009) and eggplant (CHAKRAVARTHI et al, 2010).…”

“…This kind of genetic marker allows preliminary examination of hypotheses related to in vitro competency of individuals (HENRY et al, 1994). This approach was previously applied to many species with the same class of genetic dominant marker (RAPD) such as Populus deltoides (RANI et al, 1995), Linum usitatissimum (CHAKRAVARTY; SRIVASTAVA, 1997), Vigna unguiculata (BRAR et al, 1999), Sorghum bicolor (ARUSELVI; KRISHNAVENI, 2009), Solanum melongena (CHAKRAVARTHI et al, 2010), Gypsophila paniculata (BARATAK; EL-SAMMAK, 2011) and Prunus armeniaca (SOLIMAN, 2012).…”

Genotypic differences in proembryoid development and green plantlets regeneration through androgenesis in barley varieties

“…In barley, as well as other responsive species, inherited factors have been reported as involved in successful haploid plant development (FAROUGHI-WEHR et al, 1982;LARSEN et al, 1991;HENRY et al, 1994). But androgenetic response is possible only when androgenetic genotypes have appropriate environmental conditions that include physiological state of the donor plant, culturing anthers at the right stage of development of microspore and the right culture medium composition (OLSEN, 1987;MORAES-FERNANDES, 1990 (FAROUGHI-WEHR & FRIEDT, 1984;QUÉDRAOGO et al, 1998;MORAES-FERNANDES et al, 1999;SMYKAL, 2000).…”

Callus induction and plant regeneration via leaf segments of three accessions of African rice (Oryza glaberrimaStued.)

“…Callus, which is an unorganised, proliferative mass of differentiated plant cells, is one of such means by which crop improvement can be undertaken. The ability to regenerate plants from callus is influenced by physiological factors as well as the genotype of the plant (Henry et al, 1994). The regeneration of plants of some cereal crops such as bread wheat (Redwayet al, 1990;Vasilet al, 1990), barley (Luhrs and Lorz, 1987),rice (Yamada et al, 1986) and maize (Duncan et al, 1985), from callus have been documented.…”