Genetic analysis of porcine parvoviruses detected in South Korean wild boars

Park, Gyunam; Song, Sok; Mi, Ra; Choe, SeEun; Shin, Jihye; Kim, Song-Yi; Hyun, Bang-Hun; Park, Bong‐Kyun; An, Dong-Jun

doi:10.1007/s00705-021-05106-x

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…PPV1 is a major cause of reproductive disorders in pigs globally and has been shown to be responsible for embryonic death, stillbirth, mummification and infertility [15]. Although PPV1 has been found regularly in wild boar in Europe [16][17][18] and Asia [19,20] information of its presence in warthogs in Africa is limited [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Co-Infections of Warthogs in Namibia with African Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Parvovirus 1

Molini

Franzo

Settypalli

et al. 2022

Animals

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Understanding virus circulation in wild animals, particularly those that have contact with domestic animals, is crucial for disease management and control. In Africa, warthogs are known to be asymptomatic carriers of porcine pathogens; a recent study in Namibia has shown them to be positive for Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). In this study, the same samples used for the PCV-2 investigation in Namibia were further screened for the presence of African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) by PCR. Of the 42 animals tested, 2 (4.8%) and 13 (31%) were positive for AFSV and PPV1, respectively. The two AFSV were also co-infected with PPV1. Combing the results of this study with the results of the previous PCV-2 investigation, four warthogs were shown to be co-infected with both PPV1 and PCV-2. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AFSV belonged to genotype (Ib) but were from different serogroups. Unexpectedly, the ASFVs from the warthogs were genetically distinct to those observed in an outbreak in the same region of Namibia that occurred less than fifteen months prior to the sampling of the warthogs. In fact, a stronger genetic relationship was observed between the warthog viruses and historical Namibian and South African ASFVs identified in 1980, 2004 and 2008. For the PPV1s, the closest relative to the Namibian PPV1 were viruses identified in wild boar in Romania in 2011. This study confirms that warthogs are carriers of porcine pathogens and the data should encourage further studies on larger populations of wild and domestic swine to more fully understand the epidemiology and transmission of viral pathogens from these species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Co-Infections of Warthogs in Namibia with African Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Parvovirus 1

Molini

Franzo

Settypalli

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Recombination is thought to be important for the generation of genomic diversity and the transmission of PPV7 from wild boars to domestic pigs, because several chimeric strains have been identified. PPV7 KF4 strain was a recombinant from the major parental virus 17KWB09 strain identified in Korean wild boars and the minor parental virus N133 strain from Korean domestic pigs ( 29 ). In addition, PPV7 HBTZ20 180519-152 strain from Chinese domestic pig in 2018 was identified as a recombinant with a JX15-like virus as the major parental virus and a JX38-like strain as the minor parental virus, both of which were isolated from Chinese wild boars in 2015( 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Porcine Parvovirus 7 in Eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Wen

Song

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Porcine parvoviruses (PPV) and porcine circoviruses type 2 (PCV2) are widespread in the pig population. Recently, it was suggested that PPV7 may stimulate PCV2 and PCV3 replication. The present study aimed to make detection and molecular characterization of PPV7 for the first time in eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Twenty-seven of ninety-four samples (28.72%) and five in eight pig farms were PPV7 positive. Further detection showed that the co-infection rate of PPV7 and PCV2 was 20.21% (19/94), and 9.59% (9/94) for PPV7 and PCV3. In addition, the positive rate of PPV7 in PCV2 positive samples was higher than that in PCV2 negative samples, supporting that PCV2 could act as a co-factor for PPV7 infection. In total, four PPV7 strains were sequenced and designated as NM-14, NM-19, NM-4, and NM-40. The amplified genome sequence of NM-14 and NM-40 were 3,999nt in length, while NM-19 and NM-4 were 3,996nt with a three nucleotides deletion at 3,097–3,099, resulting in an amino acid deletion in the Cap protein. Phylogenetic analysis based on the capsid amino acid (aa) sequences showed that 52 PPV7 strains were divided into two clades, and the four PPV7 strains in this study were all clustered in clade 1. The genome and capsid amino acid sequence of the four PPV7 strains identified in this study shared 80.0–96.9% and 85.9–100% similarity with that of 48 PPV7 reference strains selected in NCBI. Simplot analysis revealed that NM-19 and NM-4 strains were probably produced by recombination of two PPV7 strains from China. The amino acid sequence alignment analysis of capsid revealed that the four PPV7 strains detected in Inner Mongolia had multiple amino acid mutations in the 6 B cell linear epitopes compared with the reference strains, suggesting that the four PPV7 strains may have different characteristics in receptor binding and immunogenicity. In summary, this paper reported the PPV7 infection and molecular characterization in the eastern of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for the first time, which is helpful to understand the molecular epidemic characteristics of PPV7.

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“…Notably, recombination is also very important for viral evolution and may modify the virulence and pathogenicity of PPV7. The PPV7 KF4 strain was identified as a recombinant, with the 17KWB09 strain from Korean wild boars identified as a major parental virus and the N133 strain from Korean domestic pigs defined as a minor parental strain ( 30 ). The PPV7 HBTZ20180519-152 strain isolated from Chinese domestic pigs in 2018 is a recombinant of the major parental JX15-like virus and the minor parental JX38-like strain, both isolated from Chinese wild boars in 2015 ( 15 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and epidemic characteristics of porcine parvovirus 7 in the Fujian and Guangdong regions of southern China

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is the primary cause of reproductive disorders in pigs. The porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) subtype was first identified in the United States in 2016. In this study, PPV7 was detected in different porcine samples, including serum, feces, saliva, and milk, from 69 pig farms in the Fujian and Guangdong regions of South China, and its coinfection with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was determined. Whole-genome sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and recombination analysis were performed on seven isolates, with each selected isolate originating from a different farm. There was a high rate of PPV7 positivity in blood, stool, and saliva but PPV7 DNA was absent from breast milk. The findings also showed that PPV7-positive samples had a high rate of coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and PRRSV. Real-time PCR was used to determine the viral copy numbers of PCV2, PCV3, PRRSV, and PPV7 in serum samples and to assess whether PPV7 affected PCV2, PCV3, and PRRSV viral loads. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PPV7e and PPV7f were the most prevalent and widespread subtypes in the Fujian and Guangdong regions, respectively. While the PPV7a, PPV7b, PPV7c, and PPV7f subtypes were most prevalent in Fujian Province, PPV7a-e subtypes were prevalent in Guangdong, indicating that PPV7 has rich genetic diversity in these regions. A putative recombinant strain, 21FJ09, was identified using SimPlot and the Recombination Detection Program 4 software.

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Genetic analysis of porcine parvoviruses detected in South Korean wild boars

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Viral Co-Infections of Warthogs in Namibia with African Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Parvovirus 1

Viral Co-Infections of Warthogs in Namibia with African Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Parvovirus 1

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Porcine Parvovirus 7 in Eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Genetic and epidemic characteristics of porcine parvovirus 7 in the Fujian and Guangdong regions of southern China

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