Genetic Analysis of Tertiary Rice Panicle Branches

Abstract

Panicle branching trait of rice is one of the key factors in detemining grain yield. This study was aimed to elucidate the genetic inheritance pattern of the tertiary rice panicle branches trait. Six rice populations i.e F1, F1R, F2, F2R, BC1P1, and BC1P2 generation including parental lines were generated as materials. The experiment was conducted at IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia from April 2017 to February 2019. Several parameters of genetic inheritance was observed. The result revealed that the inheritance of the tertiary panicle branching was controlled by many genes with the high broad-sense heritability and the moderate narrow-sense ones. Based on the scaling test, it was observed that additive dominant model did not fit to the number of tertiary branches and the number of grains of tertiary panicle branches. These phenomenons suspected may due probably to the effect of epistasis. In the advanced analysis employed by using the joint scaling test revealed that the gene action of the number of tertiary branches and number of grains on the tertiary branches were additive and additive×additive.

Variable level of genetic dominance controls important agronomic traits in rice populations under water deficit condition

“…Additive gene effects can be exploited in early generations because the dominance effects are also non-significant and lower in magnitude than these additive effects. These findings agreed with those of Abebe, Alamerew & Tulu (2019) , Hastini et al (2021) and Lukman & Suyamto (2017) . In addition, additive × dominance type of gene interactions ( j ) were played a significant role in the inheritance of all the traits that were investigated, except the duration trait in (P 1 × P 2 ) and plant height in (P 3 × P 4 ) under water deficit conditions.…”

“…Significant positive estimates of heterosis and heterobeltiosis among physiological and agronomic traits and its components in two studied crosses, which revealed the over-dominance plays an important role in inheritance of those traits. These findings were supported by several studies ( Ahmadikhah, 2018 ; Hossain et al, 2021 ; Kamara et al, 2017 ; Tiwari et al, 2019 ), wherein it has also been suggested that these aforementioned crosses could be used to explore the heterotic effects in hybrid rice breeding programs with water deficit conditions ( Concepcion et al, 2015 ; Guimarães, Stone & Silva, 2016 ; Hassan, 2017 ; Hastini et al, 2021 ; Potkile et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, significant heterosis percentages were recorded for these traits in studied crosses, which was corroborated by previous studies ( Gaballah et al, 2021 ; Ouyang, Li & Zhang, 2022 ; Sakran et al, 2022 ).…”

Genotype by environment analysis on multi‐canopy cropping system in rice: Effects of different types of flag leaves

“…The increasing stem length found in this study appears to be due to plasticity in the level of stretching of the top of the stem, which affects the change in panicle length. Panicle length was positively correlated with the number of grains per panicle (Hastini et al., 2021; Jayaningsih et al., 2019).…”

Gene action and genetic parameters of characters related to rice grain quality

“…Hastini et al. (2021) showed the genetic inheritance pattern of tertiary rice panicle branches using six rice populations and a complete design; the authors reported that the gene action of the number of tertiary branches and the number of grains on tertiary branches were additive and additive x additive. Farooq et al.…”

“…Some studies have demonstrated the gene action of several rice characters. Hastini et al (2021) showed the genetic inheritance pattern of tertiary rice panicle branches using six rice populations and a complete design; the authors reported that the gene action of the number of tertiary branches and the number of grains on tertiary branches were additive and additive x additive. Farooq et al (2019) studied yield and yieldattributing characters and showed a high heritability associated with a high genetic improvement, indicating fixation of genes and presence of additive gene action.…”