Genetic Analysis of Upland Rice F4 Populations (Sileso × Ciherang) for Phenological and Yield Related Traits

Abstract

Climate change increases the drought-affected areas, which challenge the breeders to develop adaptive and drought-tolerant rice cultivars. The study aimed to determine heritability, and gene action controlling of various traits in upland rice F4 populations derived from the cross, Sileso (high yielding and drought tolerant) × Ciherang (early maturing), and to obtain high-yielding and early-maturing rice lines. The upland rice F4 populations, along with parental and check cultivars, were planted in augmented design from July to November 2021 at the Faculty of Agriculture, Samudra University, Langsa, Indonesia. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the check cultivars for the traits, such as, panicle length, productive tillers, filled grains per panicle, and grain yield per plant. The F4 population families revealed significant differences for the maturity, filled grain per panicle, and grain yield per plant, which confirmed greater genetic diversity, and proved potential to produce the best lines. The check vs. family interactions also exhibited significant differences for all the characters. Results revealed high heritability for the traits, i.e., maturity, filled grain per panicle, and grain yield per plant. The inheritance of all the characters was controlled by the additive gene action. Inheritance of the majority of the traits was polygenic except plant height and productive tillers. The selected and promising upland rice F4 populations revealed reduced plant height, maturity, and increased yield per plant compared with its rice parental cultivar ‘Sileso’.

Genetic Parameters and Principal Component Analysis for Quantitative Traits in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

“…These crosses could be valuable in rice breeding programs to develop new short-stature and high-yielding rice cultivars. The central findings also got support from past studies on the genetic variability in different rice populations (Adjah et al, 2020;Mosleth et al, 2020;Juliano et al, 2022;Syahril et al, 2022;Chowdhury et al, 2023).…”

“…The success of breeding programs depends on the genetic variability's magnitude and the extent of heritability of the economic traits (Leung et al, 2015;Juliano et al, 2022;Syahril et al, 2022;Chowdhury et al, 2023). The combining ability analysis helps the breeders identify and select the best parental genotypes, aiding the hybridization program to get the desirable new cross combinations with improved genetic potential.…”

Initial vegetative growth and determination of the lethal dose of local rice arias putih at various doses of gamma irradiation

“…Moreover, some of them only exist in specific locations. The use of local varieties is also not that optimal because some local varieties have elongated ages [3][4][5] also reported that the local upland rice, the Sileso cultivar, has a lifespan of 190 days after planting, thus allowing farmers to plant only once a year.…”

Physicochemical Properties and Eating Quality of Promising Crossbred Upland Rice Lines Developed From Superior Parental Genotypes

“…Upland rice production improvement can result from upland rice cultivation and productivity per unit area. Upland rice farming has agronomic and economic benefits (Kartina et al, 2019;Aung-Nan et al, 2021;Syahril et al, 2022). The monetary benefit includes the pleasant rice taste that allows fetching premium pricing in urban markets.…”