Genetic and antigenic characterization of H1 influenza viruses from United States swine from 2008

Lorusso, Alessio; Vincent, Amy L.; Harland, Michelle; Alt, David P.; Bayles, Darrell O.; Swenson, Sabrina L.; Gramer, Marie; Russell, Colin A.; Smith, Derek J.; Lager, Kelly M.; Lewis, Nicola S.

doi:10.1099/vir.0.027557-0

Cited by 123 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Live influenza A virus NS1 126 TX98 was generated by reverse genetics, as previously described [17], and propagated in allantoic cavities of 10-day old embryonated chicken eggs to produce an inoculum for vaccination. Sequences of IA04 were generated by 454 genome sequencing technology, complemented by Sanger sequencing to fill gaps, as described previously [24]. Sequence data covering portions of each TX98 gene segment were accessed from the NCBI database.…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination with NS1-truncated H3N2 swine influenza virus primes T cells and confers cross-protection against an H1N1 heterosubtypic challenge in pigs

Kappes

Sandbulte

Platt

et al. 2012

Vaccine

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The diversity of contemporary swine influenza virus (SIV) strains impedes effective immunization of swine herds. Mucosally delivered, attenuated virus vaccines are one approach with potential to provide broad crossprotection. Reverse genetics-derived H3N2 SIV virus with truncated NS1 (NS1Δ126 TX98) is attenuated and immunogenic when delivered intranasally in young pigs. We analyzed T-cell priming and cross-protective efficacy in weanling piglets after intranasal inoculation with NS1Δ126 TX98 versus wild type TX98. In vivo replication of the truncation mutant was minimal compared to the wild type virus. T-cell responses were greater in magnitude in pigs infected with the wild type virus in in vitro restimulation assays. According to the expression of activation marker CD25, peripheral T cell recall responses in NS1Δ126 TX98 infected pigs were minimal. However, intracellular IFN-γ data indicate that the attenuated virus induced virus-specific CD4 + CD8 -, CD4 + CD8 + , CD4 -CD8 + , and γδ T cells within 28 days. The IFN-γ response appeared to contract, as responses were reduced at later time points prior to challenge. CD4 + CD8 + cells isolated 5 days after heterosubtypic H1N1 challenge (day 70 overall) showed an elevated CD25 response to virus restimulation. Pigs previously infected with wild type TX98 were protected from replication of the H1N1 challenge virus. Vaccination with NS1Δ126 TX98 was associated with significantly lower levels of Th1-associated cytokines in infected lungs but provided partial cross-protection against the H1N1 challenge. These results demonstrate that NS1Δ SIV vaccines can elicit cell-mediated cross-protection against antigenically divergent strains. The diversity of contemporary swine influenza virus (SIV) strains impedes effective immunization of swine herds. Mucosally delivered, attenuated virus vaccines are one approach with potential to provide broad cross-protection. Reverse genetics-derived H3N2 SIV virus with truncated NS1 (NS1 126 TX98) is attenuated and immunogenic when delivered intranasally in young pigs. We analyzed T-cell priming and cross-protective efficacy in weanling piglets after intranasal inoculation with NS1 126 TX98 versus wild type TX98. In vivo replication of the truncation mutant was minimal compared to the wild type virus. T-cell responses were greater in magnitude in pigs infected with the wild type virus in in vitro restimulation assays. According to the expression of activation marker CD25, peripheral T cell recall responses in NS1 126 TX98 infected pigs were minimal. However, intracellular IFN-␥ data indicate that the attenuated virus induced virus-specific CD4 + CD8 -, CD4 + CD8 + , CD4 -CD8 + , and ␥␦ T cells within 28 days. The IFN-␥ response appeared to contract, as responses were reduced at later time points prior to challenge. CD4 + CD8 + cells isolated 5 days after heterosubtypic H1N1 challenge (day 70 overall) showed an elevated CD25 response to virus restimulation. Pigs previously infected with wild type TX98 were protected from replicatio...

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Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination with NS1-truncated H3N2 swine influenza virus primes T cells and confers cross-protection against an H1N1 heterosubtypic challenge in pigs

Kappes

Sandbulte

Platt

et al. 2012

Vaccine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An aliquot of 2 ml 1|10 6 TCID 50 ml 21 A/Swine/IA/00239/2004(H1N1) IAV (GenBank accession number EU139832.1) grown in MDCK cells (Meguro et al, 1979) was used to challenge the seeder pig intranasally and intratracheally. The A/Swine/IA/00239/2004(H1N1) clusters within the b H1 swine IAVs (Lorusso et al, 2011). This virus was selected because it has been fully characterized, genetically and antigenically (Anderson et al, 2015), and it has been used in several pathogenesis (Vincent et al, 2007) and transmission studies Diaz et al, 2013;Romagosa et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pigs, H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 are the most prevalent IAV subtypes (Torremorell et al, 2012). In North American swine there are six antigenically and phylogenetically distinct H1 groups (a, b, c1, c2, d1 and d2) (Anderson et al, 2015;Lorusso et al, 2011) and four H3 groups (I, II, III and IV) (Kitikoon et al, 2013). Multiple IAV subtypes can co-circulate in swine herds and persist at the population level for prolonged periods of time (Corzo et al, 2013;Diaz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome plasticity of triple-reassortant H1N1 influenza A virus during infection of vaccinated pigs

Díaz

Enomoto

Romagosa

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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To gain insight into the evolution of influenza A viruses (IAVs) during infection of vaccinated pigs, we experimentally infected a 3-week-old naive pig with a triple-reassortant H1N1 IAV and placed the seeder pig in direct contact with a group of age-matched vaccinated pigs (n510). We indexed the genetic diversity and evolution of the virus at an intra-host level by deep sequencing the entire genome directly from nasal swabs collected at two separate samplings during infection. We obtained 13 IAV metagenomes from 13 samples, which included the virus inoculum and two samples from each of the six pigs that tested positive for IAV during the study. The infection produced a population of heterogeneous alleles (sequence variants) that was dynamic over time. Overall, 794 polymorphisms were identified amongst all samples, which yielded 327 alleles, 214 of which were unique sequences. A total of 43 distinct haemagglutinin proteins were translated, two of which were observed in multiple pigs, whereas the neuraminidase (NA) was conserved and only one dominant NA was found throughout the study. The genetic diversity of IAVs changed dynamically within and between pigs. However, most of the substitutions observed in the internal gene segments were synonymous. Our results demonstrated remarkable IAV diversity, and the complex, rapid and dynamic evolution of IAV during infection of vaccinated pigs that can only be appreciated with repeated sampling of individual animals and deep sequence analysis.

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“…The difference in these estimates, given the related uncertainties, does not substantially change the conclusions presented earlier. Further progress on this problem will require experimental infection studies, including multiple exposures and longitudinal sampling of serum from individual animals, as well as development of methods that elucidate the connections between immunity and profiles derived from field serological data [9,29].…”

Section: (B) Impact Of Model Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring patterns of influenza transmission in swine from multiple streams of surveillance data

et al. 2013

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Swine populations are known to be an important source of new human strains of influenza A, including those responsible for global pandemics. Yet our knowledge of the epidemiology of influenza in swine is dismayingly poor, as highlighted by the emergence of the 2009 pandemic strain and the paucity of data describing its origins. Here, we analyse a unique dataset arising from surveillance of swine influenza at a Hong Kong abattoir from 1998 to 2010. We introduce a state–space model that estimates disease exposure histories by joint inference from multiple modes of surveillance, integrating both virological and serological data. We find that an observed decrease in virus isolation rates is not due to a reduction in the regional prevalence of influenza. Instead, a more likely explanation is increased infection of swine in production farms, creating greater immunity to disease early in life. Consistent with this, we find that the weekly risk of exposure on farms equals or exceeds the exposure risk during transport to slaughter. We discuss potential causes for these patterns, including competition between influenza strains and shifts in the Chinese pork industry, and suggest opportunities to improve knowledge and reduce prevalence of influenza in the region.

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Genetic and antigenic characterization of H1 influenza viruses from United States swine from 2008

Cited by 123 publications

References 57 publications

Vaccination with NS1-truncated H3N2 swine influenza virus primes T cells and confers cross-protection against an H1N1 heterosubtypic challenge in pigs

Vaccination with NS1-truncated H3N2 swine influenza virus primes T cells and confers cross-protection against an H1N1 heterosubtypic challenge in pigs

Genome plasticity of triple-reassortant H1N1 influenza A virus during infection of vaccinated pigs

Inferring patterns of influenza transmission in swine from multiple streams of surveillance data

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