Genetic and environmental influences on adult human height across birth cohorts from 1886 to 1994

Jelenkovic, Aline; Hur, Yoon Mi; Sund, Reijo; Yokoyama, Yoshie; Siribaddana, Sisira; Hotopf, Matthew; Sumathipala, Athula; Rijsdijk, Frühling; Tan, Qihua; Zhang, Dongfeng; Pang, Zengchang; Aaltonen, Sari; Heikkilä, Kauko; Öncel, Sevgi Yurt; Alıev, Fazil; Rebato, Esther; Tárnoki, Ádám Domonkos; Tárnoki, Dávid László; Christensen, Kaare; Skytthe, Axel; Kyvik, Kirsten Ohm; Silberg, Judy L.; Eaves, Lindon J.; Maes, Hermine H.; Cutler, Tessa L.; Hopper, John L.; Ordoñana, Juan R.; Sánchez-Romera, Juan F.; Colodro‐Conde, Lucía; Cozen, Wendy; Hwang, Amie E.; Mack, Thomas M.; Sung, Joohon; Song, Yun Mi; Yang, Sarah; Lee, Kayoung; Franz, Carol E.; Kremen, William S.; Lyons, Michael J.; Busjahn, Andreas; Nelson, Tracy L.; Whitfield, Keith E.; Kandler, Christian; Jang, Kerry L.; Gatz, Margaret; Butler, David A.; Stazi, Maria A.; Fagnani, Corrado; D'Ippolito, Cristina; Duncan, Glen E.; Buchwald, Dedra; Derom, Cathérine; Vlietinck, Robert; Loos, Ruth J.F.; Martin, Nicholas G.; Medland, Sarah E.; Montgomery, Grant W.; Jeong, Hoe Uk; Swan, Gary E.; Krasnow, Ruth E.; Magnusson, Patrik K. E.; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Dahl-Aslan, A.K.; McAdams, Tom A.; Eley, Thalia C.; Gregory, Alice M.; Tynelius, Per; Baker, Laura A.; Tuvblad, Catherine; Bayasgalan, Gombojav; Danshiitsoodol, Narandalai; Lichtenstein, Paul; Spector, Timothy D.; Mangino, Massimo; Lachance, Geneviève; Bartels, Meike; Beijsterveldt, Toos Cem van; Willemsen, Gonneke; Burt, S. Alexandra; Klump, Kelly L.; Harris, Jennifer R.; Brandt, Ingunn; Nilsen, Thomas Sevenius; Krueger, Robert F.; McGue, Matt; Pahlen, Shandell; Corley, Robin P.; Hjelmborg, Jacob; Goldberg, Jack; Iwatani, Yoshinori; Watanabe, Mikio; Honda, Chika; Inui, Fujio; Rasmussen, Finn; Huibregtse, Brooke M.; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Sørensen, Thorkild I A; Kaprio, Jaakko; Silventoinen, Karri

doi:10.7554/elife.20320

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since unique environmental variation also increased, only minor and unsystematic differences were found in the heritability of BMI. It is noteworthy that similar secular change in the genetic and environmental variances in height were not found, even though mean height also increased during the 20 th century (Jelenkovic et al, 2016b). This shows that there is no link between mean and variance in the anthropometric traits in general, and this result is specific to BMI.…”

Section: Factors Modifying Heritability Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Obesity and eating behavior from the perspective of twin and genetic research

Silventoinen

Konttinen

2020

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Obesity has dramatically increased during the last decades and is currently one of the most serious global health problems. We present a hypothesis that obesity is a neuro-behavioral disease having a strong genetic background mediated largely by eating behavior and is sensitive to the macro-environment; we study this hypothesis from the perspective of genetic research. Genetic family and genome-wide-association studies have shown well that body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2) is a highly heritable and polygenic trait. New genetic variation of BMI emerges after early childhood. Candidate genes of BMI notably express in brain tissue, supporting that this new variation is related to behavior. Obesogenic environments at both childhood family and societal levels reinforce the genetic susceptibility to obesity. Genetic factors have a clear influence on macro-nutrient intake and appetiterelated eating behavior traits. Results on the gene-by-diet interactions in obesity are mixed, but emerging evidence suggests that eating behavior traits partly mediate the effect of genes on BMI. However, more rigorous prospective study designs controlling for measurement bias are still needed.

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Section: Factors Modifying Heritability Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Obesity and eating behavior from the perspective of twin and genetic research

Silventoinen

Konttinen

2020

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…4 Body height has been shown to have a strong genetic component with around 80% of the variation in populations being explained by genetic differences between individuals. 5,23,24 The genetic component of height has furthermore been found to be consistent across countries independent of living standards. 5 Interestingly, we found that the estimate for the relationship between body height and dementia was greater in the within-pair analyses than in the cohort analysis of brothers.…”

Section: Findings In Light Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…5,23,24 The genetic component of height has furthermore been found to be consistent across countries independent of living standards. 5 Interestingly, we found that the estimate for the relationship between body height and dementia was greater in the within-pair analyses than in the cohort analysis of brothers. Because the genetic variation in body height is smaller within brothers than between men in general, the results could be explained by genetic contribution to differences in body height between unrelated men that is not contributing to the differences in risk of dementia and thereby dilutes the association.…”

Section: Findings In Light Of Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…4 Body height has a strong genetic component and is at the same time influenced by environmental factors such as childhood diseases and nutrition. 5,6 Short height has been linked to development of dementia in a number of smaller studies (N=203-3,734) and to dementia as cause of death in a large study pooling 18 prospective cohorts (N=181,800). [7][8][9][10][11][12] Body growth may be related to dementia by being an indicator of brain and cognitive reserve and corresponding individual differences in the brain structure, which may imply differences in individual resilience toward development of dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body height in young adult men and risk of dementia later in adult life

Jørgensen

Christensen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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This study examined the relationship between body height and dementia and explored the impact of intelligence level, educational attainment, early life environment and familial factors. A total of 666,333 men, 70,608 brothers, and 7,388 twin brothers born 1939-1959 and examined at the conscript board were followed in Danish nationwide registers . Cox regression models were applied to analyze the association between body height and dementia. Within-brothers and withintwin pair analyses were conducted to explore the role of shared familial factors including partly shared genetics. In total, 10,599 men were diagnosed with dementia. The association between one z-score difference in body height and dementia (HR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.89;0.90) was inverse and weakened slightly after adjustment for intelligence test scores and educational level. The within-brother analyses revealed a smaller estimate for dementia diagnosis the cohort analyses of brothers. The twin analysis showed similar, though less clear associations, which were not statistically significant.

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“…vary in people belonging to different populations and ethnicities due to differences in genetics, 5 nutrition and levels of physical activity. 6,7,8 Studies have been conducted in many different parts of the world to estimate the stature from the measurements of various body parts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Stature From the Length of Middle Finger- An Autopsy Study

S¹,

Balachandran²

2017

jemds

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BACKGROUNDEstimation of sex and stature from dismembered body parts has not been conducted in the state of Kerala at the time of this study. There is a need for regression equations to be used in stature estimation for the Kerala state.The aims of this study is to derive regression formula to estimate the stature from the middle finger length and to device methods to determine the sex of the deceased from the middle finger length. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis is a descriptive study where the length of the middle finger and the stature were measured in 224 dead bodies (167 males and 57 females) of the residents of Kerala, brought for autopsy examination at Thiruvananthapuram Medical College. Statistical Analysis-Pearson's product-moment coefficient of correlation, multiple correlation analysis (R), paired sample 't' test and independent sample t-test (Student t-test) were used. RESULTSThe relationship between the stature and middle finger length was statistically analysed and was found to have a very strong association. Regression formula for estimating stature from the length of middle fingers were derived for both sexes. The study also revealed the utility of the measurement in identifying the sex of the individual. CONCLUSIONThe regression equations derived in this study can be used for the population of Kerala to estimate the stature. A useful method for sex determination has also been devised in this study.

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Genetic and environmental influences on adult human height across birth cohorts from 1886 to 1994

Cited by 49 publications

References 30 publications

Obesity and eating behavior from the perspective of twin and genetic research

Obesity and eating behavior from the perspective of twin and genetic research

Body height in young adult men and risk of dementia later in adult life

Determination of Stature From the Length of Middle Finger- An Autopsy Study

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