Genetic and Molecular Characterization of Vernalization Genes Vrn‐A1, Vrn‐B1, and Vrn‐D1 in Spring Wheat Germplasm from the Pacific Northwest Region of the U.S.A.

Santra, Dipak K.; Santra, Meenakshi; Allan, R. E.; Campbell, K. G.; Kidwell, K. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2009.01681.x

Cited by 101 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Allelic variation in the dominant Vrn-A1 locus also indicated pleiotropic genetic effects in spring wheat cultivars (Blake et al 2009 ;Santra et al 2009 ;Zhang et al 2008 ), supporting that the VRN-A1 gene has different mechanisms in controlling wheat development. There were three CAP populations, UC1110 and CIMMYT-2 (PI610750) (CA), GRN*5/ND614-A and NY18/ Clark's Cream 40-1 (MN), and Jupeteco and Weebill (TX) that have different VRN-A1a and VRN-A1b forms.…”

Section: Diverse Vrn-a1 Proteins In Winter Wheat and Spring Wheat Culmentioning

confidence: 80%

Genetic Mechanisms of Vernalization Requirement Duration in Winter Wheat Cultivars

Yan

et al. 2015

Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to Field

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Wheat is cultivated across more land area than any other grain crops. Wheat cultivars are classifi ed as two general types: winter wheat with variable low temperature requirement for a proper fl owering time (vernalization) and spring wheat without the requirement, based on their qualitative vernalization requirement. Winter wheat cultivars are classifi ed as three types, weak winter, semi-winter and strong winter, according to their quantitative vernalization requirement to reach a vernalization saturation point or achieve the maximum vernalization effect. Three vernalization genes, VRN1 , VRN2 , and VRN3 , were cloned using a positional cloning approach and a one-gene model of qualitative variation in vernalization requirement between spring and winter wheat. A major gene for the vernalization requirement duration in winter wheat was mapped using a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that were generated from two winter wheat cultivars, 'Jagger' and '2174'. Furthermore, the cloning population was developed using a RIL to backcross with 2174, which was segregated in a 3:1 ratio of the early fl owered plants and the late fl owered plants after the population was vernalized for 3 weeks. The wild type Jagger vrn-A1a allele for less vernalization was dominant over the 2174 vrn-A1b allele for more vernalization, and the two alleles encoded the vrn-A1 proteins with two point mutations. A third haplotype with one of the point mutations was found in common wheat. Gene markers were developed to direct breeding of semi-winter and strong winter wheat cultivars to adapt to different geographical areas and changing climates.

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Section: Diverse Vrn-a1 Proteins In Winter Wheat and Spring Wheat Culmentioning

confidence: 80%

Genetic Mechanisms of Vernalization Requirement Duration in Winter Wheat Cultivars

Yan

et al. 2015

Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to Field

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“…In a single spring triticale (Legalo) we identified an altered variant of this allele described as Vrn-B1b, which was first described in wheat cv. Alpowa and identified in very few wheat genotypes (Santra et al, 2009). This spring allele has been transferred, and is now also present in triticale genotypes, however we did not show the influence of this allele on flowering time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of VRN1 gene in triticale and common wheat genetic background

Nowak

Leśniowska-Nowak

Zapalska

et al. 2014

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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In cereals, the transition from the vegetative stage to flowering is controlled in the main by the set of vernalization genes. Within these genes the most important role is played by VRN1, which encodes a MADS-box transcription factor, regulating the transition of shoot apical meristem to the reproductive phase. The level of vernalization requirement is strongly linked to the molecular structure of this gene. In this study we analyzed molecular mechanisms regulating the vernalization requirement in triticale on the basis of comparative analysis of the VRN1 locus between triticale (×Triticosecale Witt.) and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. We also estimated the influence of VRN genotype on heading time and the winter hardiness of these two species. Molecular markers developed for VRN genotype detection in common wheat were successfully applied to an analysis of triticale genomic DNA. Subsequent analysis of the amplicons nucleotide sequence confirmed full similarity of the products obtained between triticale and common wheat. All winter triticale cultivars tested contained the recessive vrn-A1 allele, whereas all spring genotypes carried the dominant Vrn-A1a allele. Molecular analysis of the Vrn-B1 gene revealed the presence of the dominant Vrn-B1b allele in only one of the triticale genotypes analyzed (Legalo). The major system of determination of the vernalization requirement in triticale was transferred from common wheat without changes and is based on an alteration in the VRN1 gene promoter sequence within the A genome.

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“…Besides, three mutant forms of the Vrn B1 gene were revealed, being dominant alleles. Dominant Vrn B1a allele differs from the recessive vrn B1 by large deletion of 6850 base pairs (bp) in the structure of intron 1 (Fu et al, 2005), the second Vrn B1b allele differs from the Vrn B1a by single nucleotide poly morphism and 36 bp deletion in intron 1 (Santra et al, 2009), the third mutation (Vrn B1c allele) is associated with the deletion of 820 bp and duplication of 431 bp, transferred to the start of this deletion, in intron 1. Besides this, the primary structure of this allele conserved the high degree of homology both with Vrn B1a allele, and with other known alleles of this gene (Shcherban et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heading time of substitution and near-isogenic lines of common wheat with dominant alleles Vrn-B1a and Vrn-B1c

Емцева

Ефремова

Арбузова

2012

Russ J Genet Appl Res

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Heading time of substitution and near isogenic lines (NILs) with Vrn B1a and Vrn B1c alleles was studied without vernalization and after 30 day vernalization in the greenhouse and in the field. Without vernalization, both in the greenhouse and in the field, plants with Vrn B1c allele headed several days earlier, than plants with Vrn B1a. However, plants with Vrn B1a allele responded to vernalization by more pro nounced heading acceleration than Vrn B1c plants. The weak Vrn B1a allele dominated in F 1 hybrids from the cross between two NILs with Vrn B1c and Vrn B1a alleles. These observations confirm the multiple allel ism of the Vrn B1 gene, responsible for the spring growth habit in wheat.

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Genetic and Molecular Characterization of Vernalization Genes Vrn‐A1, Vrn‐B1, and Vrn‐D1 in Spring Wheat Germplasm from the Pacific Northwest Region of the U.S.A.

Cited by 101 publications

References 24 publications

Genetic Mechanisms of Vernalization Requirement Duration in Winter Wheat Cultivars

Genetic Mechanisms of Vernalization Requirement Duration in Winter Wheat Cultivars

Analysis of VRN1 gene in triticale and common wheat genetic background

Heading time of substitution and near-isogenic lines of common wheat with dominant alleles Vrn-B1a and Vrn-B1c

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