Genetic and virulence variation in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cepae</i> causing root and basal rot of common onion in Iran

Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.1111/jph.12720

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Twenty days after inoculation, the percent of damping-off in each replication was calculated using the following formula given by Singh et al [25]. The status of the cucumber genotypes was determined and categorized into five groups based on their percentage of disease incidence (PDI): (1) 0% highly resistant (HR); (2) 0.1-10%, resistant (R); (3) 10.1-25%, moderately resistant (MR); (4) 25.1-50%, susceptible (S); (5) 50.1-100%, highly susceptible (HS) [6,26,27]. The data were converted with Asin ͱx þ 0.5 for homogeneity.…”

Section: Data Analysis Of Screening Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between cucumber genotype and resistance to damping-off disease caused by Phytophthora melonis

Hashemi

Golparvar

Esfahani

et al. 2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) damping-off disease caused by Phytophthora melonis is a limiting factor affecting cucurbit production. This study assessed a collection of 38 domestic and exotic commercial cucumber genotypes for damping-off resistance at transplanting and 50% flowering. Plants were classified using a four-score scale, the average damping-off percentage ranging from 7.92% (resistant) to 88.01% [highly susceptible (HS)]. Most of the genotypes were susceptible and HS to P. melonis. These genotypes were analyzed with 15 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 317 bands were produced, of which 297 bands (93.69%) were polymorphic. The primer ISSR29 possessed the highest resolving power, polymorphic information content and marker index value, which could be the most informative primer for distinguishing cucumber genotypes. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were carried out and there was a probable connection between cucumber genotypes and resistance level against P. melonis, indicating possible application for ISSR in studying disease resistance of cucumber and producing cultivars that resist damping-off. The expression of three candidate genes probably involved in the defence against P. melonis was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in five cucumber genotypes showing different susceptibility to the pathogen. CsWRKY20, CsLecRK6.1 and LOX1 genes were differentially expressed depending on genotype in early stages of infection. LOX1 was the most expressed gene across experiments and the one that best discriminated between susceptible and resistant genotypes. These results are a valuable resource for future functional genomics studies to unravel the molecular mechanisms of C. sativus/P. melonis interaction.

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Section: Data Analysis Of Screening Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between cucumber genotype and resistance to damping-off disease caused by Phytophthora melonis

Hashemi

Golparvar

Esfahani

et al. 2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…In recent years, the disease prevalence has increased in onion fields throughout Israel, especially among summer onion varieties (data according to the Israeli Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Consultation Service (Shaham), Beit-Dagan). The reasons for the increase in the disease’s incidence may be higher temperatures and long-term continuous cropping [ 5 ]. Such damages were reported recently in northeastern Israel’s Golan Heights [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cepae [ 7 ]. This fungus is a significant soil-borne disease that is prevalent worldwide in onion-growing areas, causing severe yield losses in the field and onion bulbs’ infection under storage conditions [ 5 ]. The disease occurs in all stages of the crop’s growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Commercial Fungicides against Onion (Allium cepa) Basal Rot Disease Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Fusarium acutatum

Degani

Kálmán

2021

JoF

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The onion basal rot disease is a worldwide threat caused by species of the genus Fusarium. Today, Israel’s control of this disease is limited to a four-year growth cycle and Metam sodium soil disinfection. Here, commercial chemical fungicides were evaluated as control treatments against two of the primary pathogens involved, F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae and F. Acutatum. Out of 10 fungicides tested on culture plates, 3, Prochloraz, Azoxystrobin + Tebuconazole, and Fludioxonil + Sedaxen, had strong inhibitory effects on mycelial growth and were selected and tested in seeds in vitro. The preparations were applied as a seed coating and tested in two commercial cultivars, Riverside (Orlando, white cv.) and Noam (red cv.). Prochloraz (0.3% w/w concentration), the most promising compound, was efficient in reducing the Noam cv. sprouts’ disease symptoms. This preparation had no harmful in situ-toxicity effect and did not influence the plants’ seed germination and early development. In Noam cv. potted 30-day-old sprouts, the Prochloraz treatment was able to reduce the harmful impact of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae. on the seedlings’ wet biomass, but was not effective in the Riverside cv. or against the F. acutatum pathogen. This suggests that future protective strategies must include an effective protective suit tailored to each of the pathogen species involved and the onion cultivar. The methods presented in this work can be applied for rapidly scanning multiple compounds while gradually ruling out ineffective ones. Eventually, this screening will enable field testing of the highest potential fungicides that successfully pass the pot experiments.

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“…The means were compared for significance using least significant differences (L.S.D.) at p 0.05 and the values presented are means of three replicates [39]. The Spearman correlation coefficients were determined between cucumber genotypes susceptibility to damping-off and activity of defenserelated enzymes after inoculation by P. melonis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Cucumis enzymes associated with host-specific disease resistance to Phytophthora melonis Katsura

Esfahani

Hashemi

Nasehi

et al. 2020

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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The hemibiotrophic oomycetes are significant threats to a wide range of Cucurbitaceae species, causing substantial losses of plant productions. Particularly, Phytophthora melonis Katsura evokes severe symptoms, thus dramatically limiting the yield in cucumber. However, the information about cucumber-P. melonis interaction is still limited. This study explored the changes in the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in cucumber roots of two resistant genotypes (Soheil and Ramezz), one moderately resistant genotype (Baby) and three highly susceptible genotypes (Extrem, Mini 6-23 and Yalda), over the time courses of 7, 14 and 21 days after inoculation (DAI). The results indicated that the activities of defense-related enzymes differed between the resistant and highly susceptible genotypes. Although the defense-related enzymatic activities were elevated sharply in the resistant and moderately resistant genotypes after inoculation, no significant correlations were present between the activity trends of PPO, SOD and CAT and resistance characteristics. Moreover, no significant changes in enzyme activities were found in the control plants, non-inoculated plants of the six genotypes during the testing period. Altogether, the resistance of cucumber to P. melonis is related to POX and PAL activities, but does not show relationship with PPO, SOD and CAT activities. Studying the physiological metabolic pathways of POX and PAL appears to be an important direction in research to elucidate the resistance to P. melonis in cucumber genotypes.

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Genetic and virulence variation in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae causing root and basal rot of common onion in Iran

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Correlation between cucumber genotype and resistance to damping-off disease caused by Phytophthora melonis

Correlation between cucumber genotype and resistance to damping-off disease caused by Phytophthora melonis

Assessment of Commercial Fungicides against Onion (Allium cepa) Basal Rot Disease Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Fusarium acutatum

Novel Cucumis enzymes associated with host-specific disease resistance to Phytophthora melonis Katsura

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