Genetic Aspects of Dental Erosive Wear and Dental Caries

Abstract

Objectives. The present review aims to give an overview of the literature focusing on novel genetic aspects of dental erosion and dental caries. Once the tooth erupts into the oral cavity, the regenerative capability of enamel is fundamentally limited due to the loss of dental epithelium during eruption. The susceptibility or resistance to dental erosion and caries is presumably a result of environmental, phenotypic, and/or genetic influence. Even though it is evident that individuals frequently exposing their teeth to acid and sugar are at high risk of developing dental erosion and caries, the findings exclusively based on these factors are elusive. Data resources and study selection. The present review was based on data collected from the National Library of Medicine database with different combinations of the following terms: “tooth,” “dental,” “dentin,” “enamel,” “erosion,” “erosive wear,” “caries,” “decay,” “gene,” and “genetic.” A total of forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by another. Conclusion. The high prevalence of erosion and caries among certain groups, and observations that not all individuals appearing to be at risk develop these lesions, has sparked research on identifying genetic effects to these conditions. A connection of genome-wide and candidate gene studies has increased considerably in the literature. This review reveals largely varying success among studies, demonstrating the difficulties of developing the study with adequate sample sizes and durable phenotype definitions that permit enough statistical power to identify genetic contributors.

Intraoral scanner-based monitoring of tooth wear in young adults: 24-month results

“…There could also be a genetic disposition for wear [ 42 – 44 ]. Epidemiological data show relatively consistently that males are more frequently affected by erosive tooth wear than females [ 45 ] and this was also the case in the present study.…”

Analysis of Hard Tissue Density Indicators of Permanent Teeth With Different Localization

“…We also conducted pairwise comparisons of enamel, dentin, and cementum density indicators of teeth from different quadrants. In pairwise comparisons of the examined teeth groups, a significant difference in enamel mineral density was found only between the groups of teeth from the first (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) and second (21-27) quadrants (p<0.005), first (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) and third (31-37) quadrants (p<0.05), second (21-27) and fourth (41-47) quadrants (p<0.05), third (31-37) and fourth (41-47) quadrants (p<0.05). No significant differences in enamel density indicators were found between the groups of teeth from the second (21-27) and third (31-37) quadrants, as well as the first (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) and fourth (41-47) quadrants (figure 2).…”

Understanding the Complexities of Cast Post Retention: A Comprehensive Review of Influential Factors

“…These models guide clinicians in treatment planning and patient counselling by considering patient demographics, material properties, and historical treatment outcomes. The ability to predict outcomes allows for a more comprehensive and proactive approach to post-retained restorations, potentially reducing the likelihood of complications and improving overall treatment predictability [ 46 - 47 ].…”