Genetic Aspects of Problematic and Risky Internet Use in Young Men—Analysis of ANKK1, DRD2 and NTRK3 Gene Polymorphism

Rył, Aleksandra; Tomska, Natalia; Jakubowska, Anna; Ogrodniczak, Alicja; Palma, Joanna; Rotter, Iwona

doi:10.3390/genes15020169

Genes

2024

DOI: 10.3390/genes15020169

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Genetic Aspects of Problematic and Risky Internet Use in Young Men—Analysis of ANKK1, DRD2 and NTRK3 Gene Polymorphism

Aleksandra Rył,

Natalia Tomska,

Anna Jakubowska

et al.

Abstract: Background: Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is characterized by an excess of uncontrolled preoccupations, urges, or behaviors related to computer use and Internet access that culminate in negative outcomes or individual distress. PIU includes excessive online activities (such as video gaming, social media use, streaming, pornography viewing, and shopping). The aim of this study was to analyze the association of gene polymorphisms that may influence the severity of risky behaviors in young men with the freque… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

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Recent advancements in biosensors for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: Analytical approaches

Foroozandeh,

Babazad,

Jouybar

et al. 2025

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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Recent advancements in biosensors for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: Analytical approaches

Foroozandeh,

Babazad,

Jouybar

et al. 2025

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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Polymorphic variants of the dopamine receptor gene DRD2 (rs6277, rs1800497) in adolescents with problematic video game use

Tereshchenko,

Afonicheva,

Marchenko

et al. 2024

Vestn. VOGiS

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Problematic video games use, as a specific form of problematic Internet use, is widespread among adolescents and can have negative effects on their mental and somatic well-being. An increasing incidence of addictive video gaming, as well as the overuse of the Internet, among the young population makes the current study of susceptibility factors, including the genetic component, relevant. There has been a number of investigations related to the involvement of gene variants of the neurotransmitter system in the development of Internet addiction, with the results being different for various ethnic groups. The dopamine type 2 receptor gene (DRD2) is one of the candidate genes for susceptibility to video game addiction. The aim of the work was to study polymorphic variants of the dopamine receptor gene DRD2 (rs6277, rs1800497) in Russian adolescents with problematic use of computer video games. A sampling of 407 adolescents aged 14.1±1.8 years was tested, of which 56 (13.8 %) were identified as having problems with the pathological use of video games use based on the GASA scale results. Boys in the sample proved to be addicted to video games more than girls (p = 0.041). As a result of comparing the allele frequency of DRD2 (rs6277), a tendency to a higher frequency of the minor allele T was revealed in the group of adolescents with problematic video game use compared with adolescents without problematic video game use (i. e. 0.563 and 0.466, respectively, p = 0.06). When using the dominant inheritance model, it was revealed that adolescents with problematic use of video games were statistically significantly more likely to carry the T (CT+TT) allele (p = 0.04, OR = 2.14, CI = 1.01–4.53). The T allele DRD2 (rs6277) is associated with low expression of the dopamine receptor D2 and leads to decreasing the density and affinity of extrastriatal dopamine type 2 receptors, which is associated with impaired social communication as well. We suggest that the presence of CT and TT genotypes of rs6277 DRD2 may be a potential risk factor for developing problematic video game use in adolescents.

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Dopamine D2 receptor ANKK1/DRD2 gene (rs18004976) polymorphism and features of the neuroimmune profile in children in North-Eastern and South-Eastern Siberia under exposure to airborne benzo(a)pyrene

Dolgikh,

Zaitseva,

Nikonoshina

2024

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. Examining peculiarities of neuroimmune profiles and candidate gene polymorphism is a relevant trend in identifying markers of effects and sensitivity to chemical exposures in northern areas. Materials and methods. We examined one thousand two hundred fifty three children residing in North-Eastern and South-Eastern Siberia. Blood benzo(a)pyrene levels were detected by HPLC. The ANKK1/DRD2 (rs18004976) gene polymorphism was studied using real-time PCR. IgG to benzo(a)pyrene levels were identified by allergosorbent testing. Dopamine levels were identified by using ELISA. Results. Exposure to airborne benz(a)pyrene in an industrial center in North-Eastern Siberia at the dose of 0.0073 µg/(kg ∙ day) causes an elevated risk of specific hapten hypersensitivity (IgG to benzo(a)pyrene), inhibition of dopaminergic regulation (dopamine deficiency), and elevated benzo(a)pyrene contamination in biological media. The identified changes are similar to those established in children exposed to this polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon at the dose of 0.0858 µg/(kg ∙ day) in South-Eastern Siberia. Limitations. The sample needs expanding and any results obtained by further observations should be verified. Conclusion. Children exposed to low doses of benzo(a)pyrene (0.0073 µg/(kg ∙ day)) in North-Eastern Siberia have elevated risks of disorders in the neuroimmune profile associated with the T-allele and TT genotype (rs1800497) of the ANKK1/DRD2 gene (OR =2.17 – 2.83, p<0.05) (hyperproduction of IgG to benzo(a)pyrene, dopamine deficiency), which are comparable with similar changes in the neuroimmune profile associated with C-allele and CC-genotype of the ANKK1/DRD2 gene (rs1800497) (OR=1.69 – 1.72, p<0.05) under exposure to benzo(a)pyrene at the dose of 0.0858 µg /(kg ∙ day) in South-Eastern Siberia. This indicates to the higher sensitivity of the body to chemical exposures in specific climatic conditions in northern areas.

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Genetic Aspects of Problematic and Risky Internet Use in Young Men—Analysis of ANKK1, DRD2 and NTRK3 Gene Polymorphism

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Recent advancements in biosensors for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: Analytical approaches

Recent advancements in biosensors for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: Analytical approaches

Polymorphic variants of the dopamine receptor gene DRD2 (rs6277, rs1800497) in adolescents with problematic video game use

Dopamine D2 receptor ANKK1/DRD2 gene (rs18004976) polymorphism and features of the neuroimmune profile in children in North-Eastern and South-Eastern Siberia under exposure to airborne benzo(a)pyrene

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