Genetic assessment of parentage in the caridean rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus based on microsatellite markers

High prevalence of multiple paternity in the deep-sea shrimp Acanthephyra pelagica

“…In combination with other reports (Baragona et al 2000;Walker et al 2002;Roy 2003;Streiff et al 2004;Toonen 2004;Bilodeau et al 2005;Gosselin et al 2005;Mathews 2007;Yue and Chang 2010;Baggio et al 2011;Jensen and Bentzen 2012;Sørdalen 2012;Bailie et al 2014;Jossart et al 2014;Kahrl et al 2014;Rojas-Hernandez et al 2014), our study adds another genus to support that multiple paternity is a common feature among Decapoda (Dennenmoser and Thiel 2015). Finding a skewed contribution of the fathers to the offspring suggests that pre-and postcopulatory mechanisms may occur in this species.…”

“…5). Similar patterns have been found in other crustaceans: O. placidus (Walker et al 2002), C. ensifera (Yue and Chang 2010), P. clarkii , M. magister (Jensen and Bentzen 2012), D. primitivus (Jossart et al 2014) and R. typus (Bailie et al 2014). The causes for this skew vary and likely include pre-copulatory factors such as mating order , female choice, where the female mates several times with a preferred male (Thiel and Correa 2004), or different sperm contribution (ejaculate size) (Rondeau and Sainte-Marie 2001; Probability of detecting multiple mating in A. pelagica combining the four loci with the highest individual probability (Acpe20, Acpe26, Acpe51 and Acpe57) at different sample sizes, assuming 2 sires with a skew contribution to the offspring (90 and 10 %, respectively) Sato et al 2005;Pugh et al 2015;Moyano et al2015) or post-copulatory sperm competition or selection, which could happen by sperm digestion or by sperm sorting and differential use (Haase and Baur 1995;Thiel and Hinojosa 2003;Yue and Chang 2010;Dennenmoser and Thiel 2015).…”

Cryptic Female Choice in Crustaceans

“…In crustaceans, a plethora of studies has accumulated evidence for multiple mating over the past decades (e.g., Sassaman 1978;Johnson 1982;Christy and Salmon 1984;Shuster 1989a;Bauer 1996;González-Gurriarán et al 1998;MacDiarmid and Butler 1999;Franke 2000;Hartnoll 2000;Clark and Caudill 2001;Zimmer 2001;Moreau et al 2002;Jensen and Bentzen 2012;Bailie et al 2014). Most studies rely on direct behavioral observations, but multiple matings do not necessarily translate into multiple paternity or biased offspring ratios (Eberhard 1996).…”

“…However, more studies are needed to assess patterns and possible mechanisms underlying biased paternity. While molecular paternity analyses have advanced from the use of single allozymes (Nelson and Hedgecock 1977;Sassaman 1978) toward applying multiple microsatellite loci (e.g., Mathews 2007;Jossart et al 2014;Bailie et al 2014), the detection of multiple paternity can still be hampered by small sample sizes or low incidences of multiple fertilized egg clutches. For example, Urbani et al (1998) found no evidence for multiple paternity in the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio using a sample size of seven broods, whereas two subsequent studies using larger sample sizes of 79 and 20 females found that 3.2 and 12.5 % were on average sired by multiple fathers, respectively (Roy 2003;Sainte-Marie et al 2008).…”

“…Fertilization is external, with s permatophores being transferred to the ventral region of the female's abdomen (Correa et al 2000). Multiple matings have been shown repeatedly in behavioral experiments (e.g., Thiel and Correa 2004;Dennenmoser and Thiel 2008), and a recent genetic study confirmed multiple paternity and unequal offspring ratios (Bailie et al 2014). Behaviors suggestive of cryptic female choice include active removal of sperm that females received from subordinate but not dominant males .…”