Genetic association of polymorphisms in bovine TLR2 and TLR4 genes with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in Indian cattle population

Systematic Assessment of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Infections from 1911–2019: A Growth Analysis of Association with Human Autoimmune Diseases

“…Research into MAP virulence is rooted in the desire to understand pathophysiological effects of MAP in different life forms and to establish clinical and subclinical biomarkers of MAP infections and diseases. These researches seek to determine molecular resistance, susceptibility gene markers or factors that drive the establishment of MAP infections in hosts [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. Growth related to MAP disease resistance research underscored the inclination towards selection of animal breeding stocks that are capable of high productivity in the event of MAP infections on-farm to minimize husbandry failures and economic losses.…”

“…Bo et al [ 69 ] and Slavin et al [ 70 ] identified protein kinase G (PknG) and protein tyrosine phosphatase A (PtpA) as possible virulence biomarkers of MAP’s involvement in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis, and multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder respectively. Other studies that sought to understand the molecular/genetic basis of MAP infection susceptibility or resistance in the last 3 years include Kumar et al [ 65 ], Kumar et al [ 66 ] and McGovern et al [ 67 ].…”

“…Genetic polymorphisms or single nucleotide polymorphisms in bovine CLEC7A , toll-like receptor (TLR2/TLR4) genes and putative susceptibility quantitative trait loci ( ZBTB20, KALRN, LPP, SLA2, DNAJC6, ZDHHC14, FI3A1, LRCH3, HAS2 , and SNX1 genes) are relevant genetic biomarkers of MAP susceptibility or resistance in bovines [ 65 , 66 , 67 ]. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs110353594 and s41654445 in the bovine CLEC7A gene and SNPs rs8193046 and rs8193060 in toll-like receptors have been identified as genetic markers of greater resistance to MAP infections [ 65 , 66 ].…”

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Associated with High Interferon-gamma Production in Holstein Cattle Naturally Infected with Mycobacterium Bovis

“…More specifically, overlapping between some of the identified QTLs and QTLs associated with 30 health traits was observed. The identified QTLs overlapped with 159 QTLs previously associated with bovine tuberculosis [29,49,50], 158 QTLs associated with somatic cell score [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], 105 QTLs associated with bovine respiratory disease susceptibility [60][61][62], and 14 QTLs associated with bovine paratuberculosis susceptibility [63][64][65][66][67][68]. QTLs enrichment analysis revealed the enrichment of 33 QTLs associated with exterior, meat and carcass, production, reproduction, and health (Supplementary Table S1).…”

Potential of <i>TLR</i>-gene diversity in Czech indigenous cattle for resistance breeding as revealed by hybrid sequencing

“…The high frequencies that were discovered in five functionally relevant intronic variants of TLR4 (Ruiz-Larrañaga et al, 2011) may be advantageous for phenotypic evaluation of these variants and potential use in selection. The effect of the intronic variant 5087A > G (rs8193046) with respect to PTB has been independently observed by Kumar et al (2019) in a multi-breed population. In parallel, this effect has been demonstrated for the synonymous mutation 9422C > T (rs8193060), also found in the present study at convenient frequencies ranging from 0.231 to 0.416.…”