Genetic basis of spring wheat resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) in Kazakhstan and Russia

Morgounov, Alexey; Pozherukova, Violetta; Kolmer, J. A.; Gultyaeva, E. I.; Абугалиева, А. И.; Chudinov, Vladimir; Кузьмин, О Г; Rasheed, Awais; Rsymbetov, Askhat; Shepelev, Sergey; Ydyrys, A.; Yessimbekova, Minura; Шаманин, Владимир

doi:10.1007/s10681-020-02701-y

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In extensive environmental trials in various regions of Russia and Kazakhstan conducted under the Kazakhstan-Siberia Network for Spring Wheat Improvement program, cv. Chelyaba 75 has shown exemplary performance in disease resistance and economically valuable characteristics [18]. New cultivars with the LrSp gene (cv.…”

Section: Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Kushnirenko¹,

Shreyder²,

Bondarenko³

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The southern Ural is consistently among the 10 best regions in Russia for agricultural production, including wheat. Breeding in the Chelyabinsk Research Institute of Agriculture aims to develop wheat cultivars genetically protected from the main diseases (leaf and stem rust, septoria leaf blotch and tan spot). The genes for resistance to leaf rust, Lr1, Lr9, Lr10 and Lr26/Sr31, alone or in combination, are widespread in cultivars grown in the southern Ural. In 2012, a new wheat cultivar, Chelyaba 75, was proposed for commercial production in the southern Ural, being highly resistant to leaf rust with the highly effective genes LrSp and SrSp transferred from the cuckoo line with the genetic material Aegilops speltoides. Isolates virulent to cv. Chelyaba 75 were not found in Russian populations of Puccinia triticina. Additionally, for a long period, genes Lr29, Lr 41, Lr42, Lr45, Lr47, Lr50, Lr51, Lr53 and Lr57 were characterized by high efficiency. Virulence frequencies to other Lr genes vary annually, but no races with new virulence have been identified. The resistance of lines with the Sr31 and Sr24 genes indicates that the Puccinia graminis population does not contain genotypes with the potentially damaging race Ug99. Mixed septoria and tan spot infections occurred in the southern Ural, with the latter dominating. Races producing the exotoxin ToxA are widely distributed in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis populations. Two causal agents of septoria leaf blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum and P. avenae f. sp. tritici) occur in the region, with the first dominating. Aggressiveness of P. nodorum isolates to wheat cultivars was higher than that of P. avenae f. sp. tritici. All Parastagonospora isolates showed the presence of the SnTox3 marker. SnToxA and SnTox1 markers were found in P. nodorum isolates, usually separately, but in one isolate, these genes were found together. The analysis of the genetic diversity of wheat cultivars grown in the southern Ural, and the pathogenic complex present, indicate that pathogens continuously evolve under the influence of the host plant.

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Section: Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Kushnirenko¹,

Shreyder²,

Bondarenko³

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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“…Leaf rust is a perennial problem for spring and winter wheat in Central Asia, including Kazakhstan [ 14 , 15 , 35 ], and Ptr populations are diverse and highly virulent [ 27 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several recent reports listed a number of released cultivars and advanced breeding lines of wheat in Kazakhstan and Russia that were resistant to leaf rust [ 27 , 30 , 35 ], but their reactions to the diverse Ptr races of Kazakhstan is not known. This study aims to: (i) determine variation in Ptr population using races from East Kazakhstan, Akmola, and Almaty regions of Kazakhstan; (ii) examine seedling and adult plant stage resistance; and (iii) identify the sources of resistance among the spring wheat collection using molecular markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Wheat Germplasm for Resistance to Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) and Identification of the Sources of Lr Resistance Genes Using Molecular Markers

Кохметова

Rsaliyev

Atishova

et al. 2021

Plants

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Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Ptr), is a significant disease of spring wheat spread in Kazakhstan. The development of resistant cultivars importantly requires the effective use of leaf rust resistance genes. This study aims to: (i) determine variation in Ptr population using races from the East Kazakhstan, Akmola, and Almaty regions of Kazakhstan; (ii) examine resistance during seedling and adult plant stages; and (iii) identify the sources of Lr resistance genes among the spring wheat collection using molecular markers. Analysis of a mixed population of Ptr identified 25 distinct pathotypes. Analysis of these pathotypes using 16 Thatcher lines that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes (Lr) showed different virulence patterns, ranging from least virulent “CJF/B” and “JCL/G” to highly virulent “TKT/Q”. Most of the pathotypes were avirulent to Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, and Lr25 and virulent to Lr1, Lr2a, Lr3ka, Lr11, and Lr30. The Ptr population in Kazakhstan is diverse, as indicated by the range of virulence observed in five different races analyzed in this study. The number of genotypes showed high levels of seedling resistance to each of the five Ptr races, thus confirming genotypic diversity. Two genotypes, Stepnaya 62 and Omskaya 37, were highly resistant to almost all five tested Ptr pathotypes. Stepnaya 62, Omskaya 37, Avangard, Kazakhstanskaya rannespelaya, and Kazakhstanskaya 25 were identified as the most stable genotypes for seedling resistance. However, most of the varieties from Kazakhstan were susceptible in the seedling stage. Molecular screening of these genotypes showed contrasting differences in the genes frequencies. Among the 30 entries, 22 carried leaf rust resistance gene Lr1, and two had Lr9 and Lr68. Lr10 and Lr28 were found in three and four cultivars, respectively. Lr19 was detected in Omskaya 37. Two single cultivars separately carried Lr26 and Lr34, while Lr37 was not detected in any genotypes within this study. Field evaluation demonstrated that the most frequent Lr1 gene is ineffective. Kazakhstanskaya 19 and Omskaya 37 had the highest number of resistance genes: three and four Lr genes, respectively. Two gene combinations (Lr1, Lr68) were detected in Erythrospermum 35 and Astana. The result obtained may assist breeders in incorporating effective Lr genes into new cultivars and developing cultivars resistant to leaf rust.

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“…The disadvantage of most varieties of spring wheat in the Tyumen region is low resistance to brown leaf and stem rust, as well as in some years -to septoria and powdery mildew. Diseases annually take 25-30% of the harvest [12,17]. Over the years of research, cultivar Omskaya 36 showed low resistance to leaf rust (3 points), and cultivar Tyumenskaya 25 showed low resistance to septoria (3 points).…”

Section: Rezults and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In market conditions, it is important that the yield is combined with the quality of the grain [17,18]. Long-term agronomic practice has shown that obtaining high quality grain is a more difficult task than increasing the yield.…”

Section: Fiq 1 Productivity Of Wheat Varieties By Different Predecessors 2016-2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of technology elements on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

et al. 2021

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It was found that varieties Novosibirskaya 31 and Iren have an advantage in yield and grain quality over Omskaya 36 and Tyumenskaya 25 in terms of the predecessors of annual grasses and green manure fallow. For varieties Omskaya 36, Tyumenskaya 25, Iren, the background of mineral nutrition is optimal for obtaining a yield of 4 t/ha. A further increase in yield leads to a decrease in grain quality. The exception was the Novosibirskaya 31 variety, which retained the grain quality to a yield level close to 5 t/ha. The best sowing dates are the first and second.

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Genetic basis of spring wheat resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) in Kazakhstan and Russia

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Evaluation of Wheat Germplasm for Resistance to Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) and Identification of the Sources of Lr Resistance Genes Using Molecular Markers

Influence of technology elements on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

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