Genetic changes in the growth of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in marine net-pens, produced by ten years of selection

Hershberger, William K.; Myers, James M.; Iwamoto, Robert N.; McAuley, W. Carlin; Saxton, Arnold M.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(90)90018-i

Cited by 137 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…QTL for weight, length and/or growth rate at the same age also mapped to the same intervals on several linkage groups (OKI03, OKI19, OKI23, OKI24 and the unnamed linkage group), suggesting loci may have pleiotropic effects across traits expressed at a specific age. All growth-related traits in this study were phenotypically correlated with each other and previous work on coho has shown high genetic correlations between weight and length at age (r ranges from 0.74 to 0.98; Myers et al, 2001b;Neira et al, 2004) and between weights at different ages (r ranges from 0.42 to 0.98; Hershberger et al, 1990;Myers et al, 2001b). QTL analyses are a first step in describing the genetic architecture underlying many of these genetic correlations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative trait locus analysis of hatch timing, weight, length and growth rate in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

McClelland

Naish

2010

Heredity

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In quantitative genetics, multivariate statistical approaches are increasingly used to describe genetic correlations in natural populations, yet the exact genetic relationship between phenotype and genotype is often unknown. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses can be used to describe the molecular basis of this relationship. In salmonids, growth and development are important fitness traits that are phenotypically correlated with each other and with other life-history traits, and an understanding of the molecular basis of these relationships is valuable for future evolutionary studies. Here, a QTL analysis using an outbred cross was initiated to determine the molecular basis of phenotypic correlations between such growth traits in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), an important fish species distributed throughout the North Pacific Ocean. Fifty-three QTL for growth rate, length and weight at eight time periods were located on seven linkage groups (OKI03, OKI06, OKI18, OKI19, OKI23, OKI24 and an unnamed linkage group) or associated with five unlinked markers (Omm1159, Omm1367/ i, Omy325UoG, OmyRGT55TUF and OtsG422UCD). One QTL for hatch timing was associated with the marker, Omm1241. All QTL were of minor effect, explaining no more than 20% of the observed variation in phenotypic value. Several instances of colocalization of QTL weight, length and growth rate were observed, suggesting a genetic basis for phenotypic correlations observed between these traits. This study lays the foundation for future QTL mapping efforts, for detailed examinations of the genetic basis of phenotypic correlations between growth traits, and for exploring the adaptive significance of growth traits in natural populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative trait locus analysis of hatch timing, weight, length and growth rate in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

McClelland

Naish

2010

Heredity

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“…As a reference, figures obtained in other salmonid breeding programmes are usually lower: 13% and 14.4% per generation on weight in rainbow trout and salmon (respectively) in Norway [16] using combined selection, 12.5% per generation on weight of Atlantic salmon in Canada [29] with the same procedure, and 10.1% per generation on coho salmon in Canada [19] with family selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others were apparently more successful, but either lacked reliable control lines [8] or did not continue after the first generation [12]. Family selection seems to be more effective [15,19,29]. Still, efficient individual selection would be of special interest to breeders since it is simple and cheaper to set up in practical conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced individual selection for selecting fast growing fish: the ?PROSPER? method, with application on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

et al. 2004

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-Growth rate is the main breeding goal of fish breeders, but individual selection has often shown poor responses in fish species. The PROSPER method was developed to overcome possible factors that may contribute to this low success, using (1) a variable base population and high number of breeders (Ne > 100), (2) selection within groups with low non-genetic effects and (3) repeated growth challenges. Using calculations, we show that individual selection within groups, with appropriate management of maternal effects, can be superior to mass selection as soon as the maternal effect ratio exceeds 0.15, when heritability is 0.25. Practically, brown trout were selected on length at the age of one year with the PROSPER method. The genetic gain was evaluated against an unselected control line. After four generations, the mean response per generation in length at one year was 6.2% of the control mean, while the mean correlated response in weight was 21.5% of the control mean per generation. At the 4th generation, selected fish also appeared to be leaner than control fish when compared at the same size, and the response on weight was maximal (≈130% of the control mean) between 386 and 470 days post fertilisation. This high response is promising, however, the key points of the method have to be investigated in more detail.Salmo trutta / selective breeding / aquaculture / genetics / individual selection

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“…Like all farmed animals, farmed fish undergo genetic manipulation through selective breeding to enhance economically favored traits such as rapid growth rate. Genetic selection for salmon size over a period of ten years has been shown to increase average weights by about 60% (Hershberger et al, 1990). Salmon engineered with transgenic growth hormones can be 1100% heavier on average, though, with one fish weighing out at 37 times normal (Devlin et al, 1994).…”

Section: Ecological Concerns Raised By Farm Animal Transgenesis 31 Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Welfare of Transgenic Farm Animals

Greger¹

2012

Biotechnology - Molecular Studies and Novel Applications for Improved Quality of Human Life

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Genetic changes in the growth of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in marine net-pens, produced by ten years of selection

Cited by 137 publications

References 11 publications

Quantitative trait locus analysis of hatch timing, weight, length and growth rate in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

Quantitative trait locus analysis of hatch timing, weight, length and growth rate in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

Enhanced individual selection for selecting fast growing fish: the ?PROSPER? method, with application on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

The Welfare of Transgenic Farm Animals

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